Merge branch 'master' into turbo

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/IImageArray.cs

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
+using System;
+
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL
 {
-    public interface IImageArray
+    public interface IImageArray : IDisposable
     {
         void SetFormats(int index, Format[] imageFormats);
         void SetImages(int index, ITexture[] images);

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/ITextureArray.cs

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
+using System;
+
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL
 {
-    public interface ITextureArray
+    public interface ITextureArray : IDisposable
     {
         void SetSamplers(int index, ISampler[] samplers);
         void SetTextures(int index, ITexture[] textures);

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/Multithreading/CommandHelper.cs

@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.Multithreading
             Register<CounterEventDisposeCommand>(CommandType.CounterEventDispose);
             Register<CounterEventFlushCommand>(CommandType.CounterEventFlush);
 
+            Register<ImageArrayDisposeCommand>(CommandType.ImageArrayDispose);
             Register<ImageArraySetFormatsCommand>(CommandType.ImageArraySetFormats);
             Register<ImageArraySetImagesCommand>(CommandType.ImageArraySetImages);
 
@@ -88,6 +89,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.Multithreading
             Register<TextureSetDataSliceRegionCommand>(CommandType.TextureSetDataSliceRegion);
             Register<TextureSetStorageCommand>(CommandType.TextureSetStorage);
 
+            Register<TextureArrayDisposeCommand>(CommandType.TextureArrayDispose);
             Register<TextureArraySetSamplersCommand>(CommandType.TextureArraySetSamplers);
             Register<TextureArraySetTexturesCommand>(CommandType.TextureArraySetTextures);
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/Multithreading/CommandType.cs

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.Multithreading
         CounterEventDispose,
         CounterEventFlush,
 
+        ImageArrayDispose,
         ImageArraySetFormats,
         ImageArraySetImages,
 
@@ -48,6 +49,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.Multithreading
         TextureSetDataSliceRegion,
         TextureSetStorage,
 
+        TextureArrayDispose,
         TextureArraySetSamplers,
         TextureArraySetTextures,
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/Multithreading/Commands/ImageArray/ImageArrayDisposeCommand.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.Multithreading.Model;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.Multithreading.Resources;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.Multithreading.Commands.ImageArray
+{
+    struct ImageArrayDisposeCommand : IGALCommand, IGALCommand<ImageArrayDisposeCommand>
+    {
+        public readonly CommandType CommandType => CommandType.ImageArrayDispose;
+        private TableRef<ThreadedImageArray> _imageArray;
+
+        public void Set(TableRef<ThreadedImageArray> imageArray)
+        {
+            _imageArray = imageArray;
+        }
+
+        public static void Run(ref ImageArrayDisposeCommand command, ThreadedRenderer threaded, IRenderer renderer)
+        {
+            command._imageArray.Get(threaded).Base.Dispose();
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/Multithreading/Commands/TextureArray/TextureArrayDisposeCommand.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.Multithreading.Model;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.Multithreading.Resources;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.Multithreading.Commands.TextureArray
+{
+    struct TextureArrayDisposeCommand : IGALCommand, IGALCommand<TextureArrayDisposeCommand>
+    {
+        public readonly CommandType CommandType => CommandType.TextureArrayDispose;
+        private TableRef<ThreadedTextureArray> _textureArray;
+
+        public void Set(TableRef<ThreadedTextureArray> textureArray)
+        {
+            _textureArray = textureArray;
+        }
+
+        public static void Run(ref TextureArrayDisposeCommand command, ThreadedRenderer threaded, IRenderer renderer)
+        {
+            command._textureArray.Get(threaded).Base.Dispose();
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/Multithreading/Resources/ThreadedImageArray.cs

@@ -21,6 +21,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.Multithreading.Resources
             return new TableRef<T>(_renderer, reference);
         }
 
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            _renderer.New<ImageArrayDisposeCommand>().Set(Ref(this));
+            _renderer.QueueCommand();
+        }
+
         public void SetFormats(int index, Format[] imageFormats)
         {
             _renderer.New<ImageArraySetFormatsCommand>().Set(Ref(this), index, Ref(imageFormats));

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/Multithreading/Resources/ThreadedTextureArray.cs

@@ -22,6 +22,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.Multithreading.Resources
             return new TableRef<T>(_renderer, reference);
         }
 
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            _renderer.New<TextureArrayDisposeCommand>().Set(Ref(this));
+            _renderer.QueueCommand();
+        }
+
         public void SetSamplers(int index, ISampler[] samplers)
         {
             _renderer.New<TextureArraySetSamplersCommand>().Set(Ref(this), index, Ref(samplers.ToArray()));

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Image/TextureBindingsArrayCache.cs

@@ -1113,6 +1113,15 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Image
                 nextNode = nextNode.Next;
                 _cacheFromBuffer.Remove(toRemove.Value.Key);
                 _lruCache.Remove(toRemove);
+
+                if (toRemove.Value.Key.IsImage)
+                {
+                    toRemove.Value.ImageArray.Dispose();
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    toRemove.Value.TextureArray.Dispose();
+                }
             }
         }
 
@@ -1124,11 +1133,20 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Image
         {
             List<CacheEntryFromPoolKey> keysToRemove = null;
 
-            foreach (CacheEntryFromPoolKey key in _cacheFromPool.Keys)
+            foreach ((CacheEntryFromPoolKey key, CacheEntry entry) in _cacheFromPool)
             {
                 if (key.MatchesPool(pool))
                 {
                     (keysToRemove ??= new()).Add(key);
+
+                    if (key.IsImage)
+                    {
+                        entry.ImageArray.Dispose();
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        entry.TextureArray.Dispose();
+                    }
                 }
             }
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL/Image/ImageArray.cs

@@ -63,5 +63,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL.Image
                 }
             }
         }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+        }
     }
 }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL/Image/TextureArray.cs

@@ -48,5 +48,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL.Image
                 }
             }
         }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+        }
     }
 }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/CodeGenContext.cs

@@ -98,11 +98,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
             Logger = parameters.Logger;
             TargetApi = parameters.TargetApi;
 
-            AddCapability(Capability.Shader);
-            AddCapability(Capability.Float64);
-
-            SetMemoryModel(AddressingModel.Logical, MemoryModel.GLSL450);
-
             Delegates = new SpirvDelegates(this);
         }
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/CodeGen/Spirv/SpirvGenerator.cs

@@ -43,6 +43,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
 
             CodeGenContext context = new(info, parameters, instPool, integerPool);
 
+            context.AddCapability(Capability.Shader);
+
+            context.SetMemoryModel(AddressingModel.Logical, MemoryModel.GLSL450);
+
             context.AddCapability(Capability.GroupNonUniformBallot);
             context.AddCapability(Capability.GroupNonUniformShuffle);
             context.AddCapability(Capability.GroupNonUniformVote);
@@ -51,6 +55,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
             context.AddCapability(Capability.ImageQuery);
             context.AddCapability(Capability.SampledBuffer);
 
+            if (parameters.HostCapabilities.SupportsShaderFloat64)
+            {
+                context.AddCapability(Capability.Float64);
+            }
+
             if (parameters.Definitions.TransformFeedbackEnabled && parameters.Definitions.LastInVertexPipeline)
             {
                 context.AddCapability(Capability.TransformFeedback);
@@ -58,7 +67,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.CodeGen.Spirv
 
             if (parameters.Definitions.Stage == ShaderStage.Fragment)
             {
-                if (context.Info.IoDefinitions.Contains(new IoDefinition(StorageKind.Input, IoVariable.Layer)))
+                if (context.Info.IoDefinitions.Contains(new IoDefinition(StorageKind.Input, IoVariable.Layer)) ||
+                    context.Info.IoDefinitions.Contains(new IoDefinition(StorageKind.Input, IoVariable.PrimitiveId)))
                 {
                     context.AddCapability(Capability.Geometry);
                 }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/HostCapabilities.cs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
         public readonly bool SupportsGeometryShaderPassthrough;
         public readonly bool SupportsShaderBallot;
         public readonly bool SupportsShaderBarrierDivergence;
+        public readonly bool SupportsShaderFloat64;
         public readonly bool SupportsTextureShadowLod;
         public readonly bool SupportsViewportMask;
 
@@ -18,6 +19,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
             bool supportsGeometryShaderPassthrough,
             bool supportsShaderBallot,
             bool supportsShaderBarrierDivergence,
+            bool supportsShaderFloat64,
             bool supportsTextureShadowLod,
             bool supportsViewportMask)
         {
@@ -27,6 +29,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
             SupportsGeometryShaderPassthrough = supportsGeometryShaderPassthrough;
             SupportsShaderBallot = supportsShaderBallot;
             SupportsShaderBarrierDivergence = supportsShaderBarrierDivergence;
+            SupportsShaderFloat64 = supportsShaderFloat64;
             SupportsTextureShadowLod = supportsTextureShadowLod;
             SupportsViewportMask = supportsViewportMask;
         }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader/Translation/TranslatorContext.cs

@@ -363,6 +363,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader.Translation
                 GpuAccessor.QueryHostSupportsGeometryShaderPassthrough(),
                 GpuAccessor.QueryHostSupportsShaderBallot(),
                 GpuAccessor.QueryHostSupportsShaderBarrierDivergence(),
+                GpuAccessor.QueryHostSupportsShaderFloat64(),
                 GpuAccessor.QueryHostSupportsTextureShadowLod(),
                 GpuAccessor.QueryHostSupportsViewportMask());
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/DescriptorSetUpdater.cs

@@ -291,8 +291,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                     }
                     else
                     {
-                        PipelineStageFlags stageFlags = _textureArrayRefs[segment.Binding].Stage.ConvertToPipelineStageFlags();
-                        _textureArrayRefs[segment.Binding].Array?.QueueWriteToReadBarriers(cbs, stageFlags);
+                        ref var arrayRef = ref _textureArrayRefs[segment.Binding];
+                        PipelineStageFlags stageFlags = arrayRef.Stage.ConvertToPipelineStageFlags();
+                        arrayRef.Array?.QueueWriteToReadBarriers(cbs, stageFlags);
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -311,8 +312,40 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                     }
                     else
                     {
-                        PipelineStageFlags stageFlags = _imageArrayRefs[segment.Binding].Stage.ConvertToPipelineStageFlags();
-                        _imageArrayRefs[segment.Binding].Array?.QueueWriteToReadBarriers(cbs, stageFlags);
+                        ref var arrayRef = ref _imageArrayRefs[segment.Binding];
+                        PipelineStageFlags stageFlags = arrayRef.Stage.ConvertToPipelineStageFlags();
+                        arrayRef.Array?.QueueWriteToReadBarriers(cbs, stageFlags);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            for (int setIndex = PipelineBase.DescriptorSetLayouts; setIndex < _program.BindingSegments.Length; setIndex++)
+            {
+                var bindingSegments = _program.BindingSegments[setIndex];
+
+                if (bindingSegments.Length == 0)
+                {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                ResourceBindingSegment segment = bindingSegments[0];
+
+                if (segment.IsArray)
+                {
+                    if (segment.Type == ResourceType.Texture ||
+                        segment.Type == ResourceType.Sampler ||
+                        segment.Type == ResourceType.TextureAndSampler ||
+                        segment.Type == ResourceType.BufferTexture)
+                    {
+                        ref var arrayRef = ref _textureArrayExtraRefs[setIndex - PipelineBase.DescriptorSetLayouts];
+                        PipelineStageFlags stageFlags = arrayRef.Stage.ConvertToPipelineStageFlags();
+                        arrayRef.Array?.QueueWriteToReadBarriers(cbs, stageFlags);
+                    }
+                    else if (segment.Type == ResourceType.Image || segment.Type == ResourceType.BufferImage)
+                    {
+                        ref var arrayRef = ref _imageArrayExtraRefs[setIndex - PipelineBase.DescriptorSetLayouts];
+                        PipelineStageFlags stageFlags = arrayRef.Stage.ConvertToPipelineStageFlags();
+                        arrayRef.Array?.QueueWriteToReadBarriers(cbs, stageFlags);
                     }
                 }
             }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/ImageArray.cs

@@ -2,11 +2,10 @@ using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
 using Silk.NET.Vulkan;
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
-using System.Diagnostics;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 {
-    class ImageArray : IImageArray
+    class ImageArray : ResourceArray, IImageArray
     {
         private readonly VulkanRenderer _gd;
 
@@ -25,19 +24,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
         private HashSet<TextureStorage> _storages;
 
-        private DescriptorSet[] _cachedDescriptorSets;
-
         private int _cachedCommandBufferIndex;
         private int _cachedSubmissionCount;
 
-        private ShaderCollection _cachedDscProgram;
-        private int _cachedDscSetIndex;
-        private int _cachedDscIndex;
-
         private readonly bool _isBuffer;
 
-        private int _bindCount;
-
         public ImageArray(VulkanRenderer gd, int size, bool isBuffer)
         {
             _gd = gd;
@@ -104,12 +95,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         {
             _cachedCommandBufferIndex = -1;
             _storages = null;
-            _cachedDescriptorSets = null;
-
-            if (_bindCount != 0)
-            {
-                _gd.PipelineInternal.ForceImageDirty();
-            }
+            SetDirty(_gd);
         }
 
         public void QueueWriteToReadBarriers(CommandBufferScoped cbs, PipelineStageFlags stageFlags)
@@ -195,7 +181,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             int setIndex,
             TextureView dummyTexture)
         {
-            if (_cachedDescriptorSets != null)
+            if (TryGetCachedDescriptorSets(cbs, program, setIndex, out DescriptorSet[] sets))
             {
                 // We still need to ensure the current command buffer holds a reference to all used textures.
 
@@ -208,12 +194,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                     GetBufferViews(cbs);
                 }
 
-                return _cachedDescriptorSets;
+                return sets;
             }
 
-            _cachedDscProgram?.ReleaseManualDescriptorSetCollection(_cachedDscSetIndex, _cachedDscIndex);
-            var dsc = program.GetNewManualDescriptorSetCollection(cbs.CommandBufferIndex, setIndex, out _cachedDscIndex).Get(cbs);
-
             DescriptorSetTemplate template = program.Templates[setIndex];
 
             DescriptorSetTemplateWriter tu = templateUpdater.Begin(template);
@@ -227,24 +210,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 tu.Push(GetBufferViews(cbs));
             }
 
-            var sets = dsc.GetSets();
             templateUpdater.Commit(_gd, device, sets[0]);
-            _cachedDescriptorSets = sets;
-            _cachedDscProgram = program;
-            _cachedDscSetIndex = setIndex;
 
             return sets;
         }
-
-        public void IncrementBindCount()
-        {
-            _bindCount++;
-        }
-
-        public void DecrementBindCount()
-        {
-            int newBindCount = --_bindCount;
-            Debug.Assert(newBindCount >= 0);
-        }
     }
 }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/PipelineConverter.cs

@@ -180,9 +180,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             pipeline.LogicOpEnable = state.LogicOpEnable;
             pipeline.LogicOp = state.LogicOp.Convert();
 
-            pipeline.MinDepthBounds = 0f; // Not implemented.
-            pipeline.MaxDepthBounds = 0f; // Not implemented.
-
             pipeline.PatchControlPoints = state.PatchControlPoints;
             pipeline.PolygonMode = PolygonMode.Fill; // Not implemented.
             pipeline.PrimitiveRestartEnable = state.PrimitiveRestartEnable;
@@ -208,17 +205,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             pipeline.StencilFrontPassOp = state.StencilTest.FrontDpPass.Convert();
             pipeline.StencilFrontDepthFailOp = state.StencilTest.FrontDpFail.Convert();
             pipeline.StencilFrontCompareOp = state.StencilTest.FrontFunc.Convert();
-            pipeline.StencilFrontCompareMask = 0;
-            pipeline.StencilFrontWriteMask = 0;
-            pipeline.StencilFrontReference = 0;
 
             pipeline.StencilBackFailOp = state.StencilTest.BackSFail.Convert();
             pipeline.StencilBackPassOp = state.StencilTest.BackDpPass.Convert();
             pipeline.StencilBackDepthFailOp = state.StencilTest.BackDpFail.Convert();
             pipeline.StencilBackCompareOp = state.StencilTest.BackFunc.Convert();
-            pipeline.StencilBackCompareMask = 0;
-            pipeline.StencilBackWriteMask = 0;
-            pipeline.StencilBackReference = 0;
 
             pipeline.StencilTestEnable = state.StencilTest.TestEnable;
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/PipelineLayoutCacheEntry.cs

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ using Silk.NET.Vulkan;
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
+using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
@@ -15,6 +16,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         private readonly Device _device;
 
         public DescriptorSetLayout[] DescriptorSetLayouts { get; }
+        public bool[] DescriptorSetLayoutsUpdateAfterBind { get; }
         public PipelineLayout PipelineLayout { get; }
 
         private readonly int[] _consumedDescriptorsPerSet;
@@ -31,20 +33,37 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         private struct ManualDescriptorSetEntry
         {
             public Auto<DescriptorSetCollection> DescriptorSet;
-            public int CbIndex;
-            public int CbSubmissionCount;
+            public uint CbRefMask;
             public bool InUse;
 
-            public ManualDescriptorSetEntry(Auto<DescriptorSetCollection> descriptorSet, int cbIndex, int cbSubmissionCount, bool inUse)
+            public ManualDescriptorSetEntry(Auto<DescriptorSetCollection> descriptorSet, int cbIndex)
             {
                 DescriptorSet = descriptorSet;
-                CbIndex = cbIndex;
-                CbSubmissionCount = cbSubmissionCount;
-                InUse = inUse;
+                CbRefMask = 1u << cbIndex;
+                InUse = true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private readonly struct PendingManualDsConsumption
+        {
+            public FenceHolder Fence { get; }
+            public int CommandBufferIndex { get; }
+            public int SetIndex { get; }
+            public int CacheIndex { get; }
+
+            public PendingManualDsConsumption(FenceHolder fence, int commandBufferIndex, int setIndex, int cacheIndex)
+            {
+                Fence = fence;
+                CommandBufferIndex = commandBufferIndex;
+                SetIndex = setIndex;
+                CacheIndex = cacheIndex;
+                fence.Get();
             }
         }
 
         private readonly List<ManualDescriptorSetEntry>[] _manualDsCache;
+        private readonly Queue<PendingManualDsConsumption> _pendingManualDsConsumptions;
+        private readonly Queue<int>[] _freeManualDsCacheEntries;
 
         private readonly Dictionary<long, DescriptorSetTemplate> _pdTemplates;
         private readonly ResourceDescriptorCollection _pdDescriptors;
@@ -70,6 +89,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
             _dsCacheCursor = new int[setsCount];
             _manualDsCache = new List<ManualDescriptorSetEntry>[setsCount];
+            _pendingManualDsConsumptions = new Queue<PendingManualDsConsumption>();
+            _freeManualDsCacheEntries = new Queue<int>[setsCount];
         }
 
         public PipelineLayoutCacheEntry(
@@ -78,7 +99,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             ReadOnlyCollection<ResourceDescriptorCollection> setDescriptors,
             bool usePushDescriptors) : this(gd, device, setDescriptors.Count)
         {
-            (DescriptorSetLayouts, PipelineLayout) = PipelineLayoutFactory.Create(gd, device, setDescriptors, usePushDescriptors);
+            ResourceLayouts layouts = PipelineLayoutFactory.Create(gd, device, setDescriptors, usePushDescriptors);
+
+            DescriptorSetLayouts = layouts.DescriptorSetLayouts;
+            DescriptorSetLayoutsUpdateAfterBind = layouts.DescriptorSetLayoutsUpdateAfterBind;
+            PipelineLayout = layouts.PipelineLayout;
 
             _consumedDescriptorsPerSet = new int[setDescriptors.Count];
             _poolSizes = new DescriptorPoolSize[setDescriptors.Count][];
@@ -133,7 +158,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                     _poolSizes[setIndex],
                     setIndex,
                     _consumedDescriptorsPerSet[setIndex],
-                    false);
+                    DescriptorSetLayoutsUpdateAfterBind[setIndex]);
 
                 list.Add(dsc);
                 isNew = true;
@@ -144,49 +169,99 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             return list[index];
         }
 
-        public Auto<DescriptorSetCollection> GetNewManualDescriptorSetCollection(int commandBufferIndex, int setIndex, out int cacheIndex)
+        public Auto<DescriptorSetCollection> GetNewManualDescriptorSetCollection(CommandBufferScoped cbs, int setIndex, out int cacheIndex)
         {
-            int submissionCount = _gd.CommandBufferPool.GetSubmissionCount(commandBufferIndex);
+            FreeCompletedManualDescriptorSets();
 
             var list = _manualDsCache[setIndex] ??= new();
             var span = CollectionsMarshal.AsSpan(list);
 
-            for (int index = 0; index < span.Length; index++)
+            Queue<int> freeQueue = _freeManualDsCacheEntries[setIndex];
+
+            // Do we have at least one freed descriptor set? If so, just use that.
+            if (freeQueue != null && freeQueue.TryDequeue(out int freeIndex))
             {
-                ref ManualDescriptorSetEntry entry = ref span[index];
+                ref ManualDescriptorSetEntry entry = ref span[freeIndex];
 
-                if (!entry.InUse && (entry.CbIndex != commandBufferIndex || entry.CbSubmissionCount != submissionCount))
-                {
-                    entry.InUse = true;
-                    entry.CbIndex = commandBufferIndex;
-                    entry.CbSubmissionCount = submissionCount;
+                Debug.Assert(!entry.InUse && entry.CbRefMask == 0);
 
-                    cacheIndex = index;
+                entry.InUse = true;
+                entry.CbRefMask = 1u << cbs.CommandBufferIndex;
+                cacheIndex = freeIndex;
 
-                    return entry.DescriptorSet;
-                }
+                _pendingManualDsConsumptions.Enqueue(new PendingManualDsConsumption(cbs.GetFence(), cbs.CommandBufferIndex, setIndex, freeIndex));
+
+                return entry.DescriptorSet;
             }
 
+            // Otherwise create a new descriptor set, and add to our pending queue for command buffer consumption tracking.
             var dsc = _descriptorSetManager.AllocateDescriptorSet(
                 _gd.Api,
                 DescriptorSetLayouts[setIndex],
                 _poolSizes[setIndex],
                 setIndex,
                 _consumedDescriptorsPerSet[setIndex],
-                false);
+                DescriptorSetLayoutsUpdateAfterBind[setIndex]);
 
             cacheIndex = list.Count;
-            list.Add(new ManualDescriptorSetEntry(dsc, commandBufferIndex, submissionCount, inUse: true));
+            list.Add(new ManualDescriptorSetEntry(dsc, cbs.CommandBufferIndex));
+            _pendingManualDsConsumptions.Enqueue(new PendingManualDsConsumption(cbs.GetFence(), cbs.CommandBufferIndex, setIndex, cacheIndex));
 
             return dsc;
         }
 
+        public void UpdateManualDescriptorSetCollectionOwnership(CommandBufferScoped cbs, int setIndex, int cacheIndex)
+        {
+            FreeCompletedManualDescriptorSets();
+
+            var list = _manualDsCache[setIndex];
+            var span = CollectionsMarshal.AsSpan(list);
+            ref var entry = ref span[cacheIndex];
+
+            uint cbMask = 1u << cbs.CommandBufferIndex;
+
+            if ((entry.CbRefMask & cbMask) == 0)
+            {
+                entry.CbRefMask |= cbMask;
+
+                _pendingManualDsConsumptions.Enqueue(new PendingManualDsConsumption(cbs.GetFence(), cbs.CommandBufferIndex, setIndex, cacheIndex));
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void FreeCompletedManualDescriptorSets()
+        {
+            FenceHolder signalledFence = null;
+            while (_pendingManualDsConsumptions.TryPeek(out var pds) && (pds.Fence == signalledFence || pds.Fence.IsSignaled()))
+            {
+                signalledFence = pds.Fence; // Already checked - don't need to do it again.
+                var dequeued = _pendingManualDsConsumptions.Dequeue();
+                Debug.Assert(dequeued.Fence == pds.Fence);
+                pds.Fence.Put();
+
+                var span = CollectionsMarshal.AsSpan(_manualDsCache[dequeued.SetIndex]);
+                ref var entry = ref span[dequeued.CacheIndex];
+                entry.CbRefMask &= ~(1u << dequeued.CommandBufferIndex);
+
+                if (!entry.InUse && entry.CbRefMask == 0)
+                {
+                    // If not in use by any array, and not bound to any command buffer, the descriptor set can be re-used immediately.
+                    (_freeManualDsCacheEntries[dequeued.SetIndex] ??= new()).Enqueue(dequeued.CacheIndex);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
         public void ReleaseManualDescriptorSetCollection(int setIndex, int cacheIndex)
         {
             var list = _manualDsCache[setIndex];
             var span = CollectionsMarshal.AsSpan(list);
 
             span[cacheIndex].InUse = false;
+
+            if (span[cacheIndex].CbRefMask == 0)
+            {
+                // This is no longer in use by any array, so if not bound to any command buffer, the descriptor set can be re-used immediately.
+                (_freeManualDsCacheEntries[setIndex] ??= new()).Enqueue(cacheIndex);
+            }
         }
 
         private static Span<DescriptorPoolSize> GetDescriptorPoolSizes(Span<DescriptorPoolSize> output, ResourceDescriptorCollection setDescriptor, uint multiplier)
@@ -291,6 +366,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                     _gd.Api.DestroyDescriptorSetLayout(_device, DescriptorSetLayouts[i], null);
                 }
 
+                while (_pendingManualDsConsumptions.TryDequeue(out var pds))
+                {
+                    pds.Fence.Put();
+                }
+
                 _descriptorSetManager.Dispose();
             }
         }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/PipelineLayoutFactory.cs

@@ -1,18 +1,23 @@
+using Ryujinx.Common.Memory;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
 using Silk.NET.Vulkan;
+using System;
 using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 {
+    record struct ResourceLayouts(DescriptorSetLayout[] DescriptorSetLayouts, bool[] DescriptorSetLayoutsUpdateAfterBind, PipelineLayout PipelineLayout);
+
     static class PipelineLayoutFactory
     {
-        public static unsafe (DescriptorSetLayout[], PipelineLayout) Create(
+        public static unsafe ResourceLayouts Create(
             VulkanRenderer gd,
             Device device,
             ReadOnlyCollection<ResourceDescriptorCollection> setDescriptors,
             bool usePushDescriptors)
         {
             DescriptorSetLayout[] layouts = new DescriptorSetLayout[setDescriptors.Count];
+            bool[] updateAfterBindFlags = new bool[setDescriptors.Count];
 
             bool isMoltenVk = gd.IsMoltenVk;
 
@@ -32,10 +37,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
                 DescriptorSetLayoutBinding[] layoutBindings = new DescriptorSetLayoutBinding[rdc.Descriptors.Count];
 
+                bool hasArray = false;
+
                 for (int descIndex = 0; descIndex < rdc.Descriptors.Count; descIndex++)
                 {
                     ResourceDescriptor descriptor = rdc.Descriptors[descIndex];
-
                     ResourceStages stages = descriptor.Stages;
 
                     if (descriptor.Type == ResourceType.StorageBuffer && isMoltenVk)
@@ -52,16 +58,37 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                         DescriptorCount = (uint)descriptor.Count,
                         StageFlags = stages.Convert(),
                     };
+
+                    if (descriptor.Count > 1)
+                    {
+                        hasArray = true;
+                    }
                 }
 
                 fixed (DescriptorSetLayoutBinding* pLayoutBindings = layoutBindings)
                 {
+                    DescriptorSetLayoutCreateFlags flags = DescriptorSetLayoutCreateFlags.None;
+
+                    if (usePushDescriptors && setIndex == 0)
+                    {
+                        flags = DescriptorSetLayoutCreateFlags.PushDescriptorBitKhr;
+                    }
+
+                    if (gd.Vendor == Vendor.Intel && hasArray)
+                    {
+                        // Some vendors (like Intel) have low per-stage limits.
+                        // We must set the flag if we exceed those limits.
+                        flags |= DescriptorSetLayoutCreateFlags.UpdateAfterBindPoolBit;
+
+                        updateAfterBindFlags[setIndex] = true;
+                    }
+
                     var descriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo = new DescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo
                     {
                         SType = StructureType.DescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo,
                         PBindings = pLayoutBindings,
                         BindingCount = (uint)layoutBindings.Length,
-                        Flags = usePushDescriptors && setIndex == 0 ? DescriptorSetLayoutCreateFlags.PushDescriptorBitKhr : DescriptorSetLayoutCreateFlags.None,
+                        Flags = flags,
                     };
 
                     gd.Api.CreateDescriptorSetLayout(device, descriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo, null, out layouts[setIndex]).ThrowOnError();
@@ -82,7 +109,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 gd.Api.CreatePipelineLayout(device, &pipelineLayoutCreateInfo, null, out layout).ThrowOnError();
             }
 
-            return (layouts, layout);
+            return new ResourceLayouts(layouts, updateAfterBindFlags, layout);
         }
     }
 }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/PipelineState.cs

@@ -71,244 +71,232 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             set => Internal.Id4 = (Internal.Id4 & 0xFFFFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 32);
         }
 
-        public float MinDepthBounds
-        {
-            readonly get => BitConverter.Int32BitsToSingle((int)((Internal.Id5 >> 0) & 0xFFFFFFFF));
-            set => Internal.Id5 = (Internal.Id5 & 0xFFFFFFFF00000000) | ((ulong)(uint)BitConverter.SingleToInt32Bits(value) << 0);
-        }
-
-        public float MaxDepthBounds
-        {
-            readonly get => BitConverter.Int32BitsToSingle((int)((Internal.Id5 >> 32) & 0xFFFFFFFF));
-            set => Internal.Id5 = (Internal.Id5 & 0xFFFFFFFF) | ((ulong)(uint)BitConverter.SingleToInt32Bits(value) << 32);
-        }
-
         public PolygonMode PolygonMode
         {
-            readonly get => (PolygonMode)((Internal.Id6 >> 0) & 0x3FFFFFFF);
-            set => Internal.Id6 = (Internal.Id6 & 0xFFFFFFFFC0000000) | ((ulong)value << 0);
+            readonly get => (PolygonMode)((Internal.Id5 >> 0) & 0x3FFFFFFF);
+            set => Internal.Id5 = (Internal.Id5 & 0xFFFFFFFFC0000000) | ((ulong)value << 0);
         }
 
         public uint StagesCount
         {
-            readonly get => (byte)((Internal.Id6 >> 30) & 0xFF);
-            set => Internal.Id6 = (Internal.Id6 & 0xFFFFFFC03FFFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 30);
+            readonly get => (byte)((Internal.Id5 >> 30) & 0xFF);
+            set => Internal.Id5 = (Internal.Id5 & 0xFFFFFFC03FFFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 30);
         }
 
         public uint VertexAttributeDescriptionsCount
         {
-            readonly get => (byte)((Internal.Id6 >> 38) & 0xFF);
-            set => Internal.Id6 = (Internal.Id6 & 0xFFFFC03FFFFFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 38);
+            readonly get => (byte)((Internal.Id5 >> 38) & 0xFF);
+            set => Internal.Id5 = (Internal.Id5 & 0xFFFFC03FFFFFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 38);
         }
 
         public uint VertexBindingDescriptionsCount
         {
-            readonly get => (byte)((Internal.Id6 >> 46) & 0xFF);
-            set => Internal.Id6 = (Internal.Id6 & 0xFFC03FFFFFFFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 46);
+            readonly get => (byte)((Internal.Id5 >> 46) & 0xFF);
+            set => Internal.Id5 = (Internal.Id5 & 0xFFC03FFFFFFFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 46);
         }
 
         public uint ViewportsCount
         {
-            readonly get => (byte)((Internal.Id6 >> 54) & 0xFF);
-            set => Internal.Id6 = (Internal.Id6 & 0xC03FFFFFFFFFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 54);
+            readonly get => (byte)((Internal.Id5 >> 54) & 0xFF);
+            set => Internal.Id5 = (Internal.Id5 & 0xC03FFFFFFFFFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 54);
         }
 
         public uint ScissorsCount
         {
-            readonly get => (byte)((Internal.Id7 >> 0) & 0xFF);
-            set => Internal.Id7 = (Internal.Id7 & 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFF00) | ((ulong)value << 0);
+            readonly get => (byte)((Internal.Id6 >> 0) & 0xFF);
+            set => Internal.Id6 = (Internal.Id6 & 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFF00) | ((ulong)value << 0);
         }
 
         public uint ColorBlendAttachmentStateCount
         {
-            readonly get => (byte)((Internal.Id7 >> 8) & 0xFF);
-            set => Internal.Id7 = (Internal.Id7 & 0xFFFFFFFFFFFF00FF) | ((ulong)value << 8);
+            readonly get => (byte)((Internal.Id6 >> 8) & 0xFF);
+            set => Internal.Id6 = (Internal.Id6 & 0xFFFFFFFFFFFF00FF) | ((ulong)value << 8);
         }
 
         public PrimitiveTopology Topology
         {
-            readonly get => (PrimitiveTopology)((Internal.Id7 >> 16) & 0xF);
-            set => Internal.Id7 = (Internal.Id7 & 0xFFFFFFFFFFF0FFFF) | ((ulong)value << 16);
+            readonly get => (PrimitiveTopology)((Internal.Id6 >> 16) & 0xF);
+            set => Internal.Id6 = (Internal.Id6 & 0xFFFFFFFFFFF0FFFF) | ((ulong)value << 16);
         }
 
         public LogicOp LogicOp
         {
-            readonly get => (LogicOp)((Internal.Id7 >> 20) & 0xF);
-            set => Internal.Id7 = (Internal.Id7 & 0xFFFFFFFFFF0FFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 20);
+            readonly get => (LogicOp)((Internal.Id6 >> 20) & 0xF);
+            set => Internal.Id6 = (Internal.Id6 & 0xFFFFFFFFFF0FFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 20);
         }
 
         public CompareOp DepthCompareOp
         {
-            readonly get => (CompareOp)((Internal.Id7 >> 24) & 0x7);
-            set => Internal.Id7 = (Internal.Id7 & 0xFFFFFFFFF8FFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 24);
+            readonly get => (CompareOp)((Internal.Id6 >> 24) & 0x7);
+            set => Internal.Id6 = (Internal.Id6 & 0xFFFFFFFFF8FFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 24);
         }
 
         public StencilOp StencilFrontFailOp
         {
-            readonly get => (StencilOp)((Internal.Id7 >> 27) & 0x7);
-            set => Internal.Id7 = (Internal.Id7 & 0xFFFFFFFFC7FFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 27);
+            readonly get => (StencilOp)((Internal.Id6 >> 27) & 0x7);
+            set => Internal.Id6 = (Internal.Id6 & 0xFFFFFFFFC7FFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 27);
         }
 
         public StencilOp StencilFrontPassOp
         {
-            readonly get => (StencilOp)((Internal.Id7 >> 30) & 0x7);
-            set => Internal.Id7 = (Internal.Id7 & 0xFFFFFFFE3FFFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 30);
+            readonly get => (StencilOp)((Internal.Id6 >> 30) & 0x7);
+            set => Internal.Id6 = (Internal.Id6 & 0xFFFFFFFE3FFFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 30);
         }
 
         public StencilOp StencilFrontDepthFailOp
         {
-            readonly get => (StencilOp)((Internal.Id7 >> 33) & 0x7);
-            set => Internal.Id7 = (Internal.Id7 & 0xFFFFFFF1FFFFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 33);
+            readonly get => (StencilOp)((Internal.Id6 >> 33) & 0x7);
+            set => Internal.Id6 = (Internal.Id6 & 0xFFFFFFF1FFFFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 33);
         }
 
         public CompareOp StencilFrontCompareOp
         {
-            readonly get => (CompareOp)((Internal.Id7 >> 36) & 0x7);
-            set => Internal.Id7 = (Internal.Id7 & 0xFFFFFF8FFFFFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 36);
+            readonly get => (CompareOp)((Internal.Id6 >> 36) & 0x7);
+            set => Internal.Id6 = (Internal.Id6 & 0xFFFFFF8FFFFFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 36);
         }
 
         public StencilOp StencilBackFailOp
         {
-            readonly get => (StencilOp)((Internal.Id7 >> 39) & 0x7);
-            set => Internal.Id7 = (Internal.Id7 & 0xFFFFFC7FFFFFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 39);
+            readonly get => (StencilOp)((Internal.Id6 >> 39) & 0x7);
+            set => Internal.Id6 = (Internal.Id6 & 0xFFFFFC7FFFFFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 39);
         }
 
         public StencilOp StencilBackPassOp
         {
-            readonly get => (StencilOp)((Internal.Id7 >> 42) & 0x7);
-            set => Internal.Id7 = (Internal.Id7 & 0xFFFFE3FFFFFFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 42);
+            readonly get => (StencilOp)((Internal.Id6 >> 42) & 0x7);
+            set => Internal.Id6 = (Internal.Id6 & 0xFFFFE3FFFFFFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 42);
         }
 
         public StencilOp StencilBackDepthFailOp
         {
-            readonly get => (StencilOp)((Internal.Id7 >> 45) & 0x7);
-            set => Internal.Id7 = (Internal.Id7 & 0xFFFF1FFFFFFFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 45);
+            readonly get => (StencilOp)((Internal.Id6 >> 45) & 0x7);
+            set => Internal.Id6 = (Internal.Id6 & 0xFFFF1FFFFFFFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 45);
         }
 
         public CompareOp StencilBackCompareOp
         {
-            readonly get => (CompareOp)((Internal.Id7 >> 48) & 0x7);
-            set => Internal.Id7 = (Internal.Id7 & 0xFFF8FFFFFFFFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 48);
+            readonly get => (CompareOp)((Internal.Id6 >> 48) & 0x7);
+            set => Internal.Id6 = (Internal.Id6 & 0xFFF8FFFFFFFFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 48);
         }
 
         public CullModeFlags CullMode
         {
-            readonly get => (CullModeFlags)((Internal.Id7 >> 51) & 0x3);
-            set => Internal.Id7 = (Internal.Id7 & 0xFFE7FFFFFFFFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 51);
+            readonly get => (CullModeFlags)((Internal.Id6 >> 51) & 0x3);
+            set => Internal.Id6 = (Internal.Id6 & 0xFFE7FFFFFFFFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 51);
         }
 
         public bool PrimitiveRestartEnable
         {
-            readonly get => ((Internal.Id7 >> 53) & 0x1) != 0UL;
-            set => Internal.Id7 = (Internal.Id7 & 0xFFDFFFFFFFFFFFFF) | ((value ? 1UL : 0UL) << 53);
+            readonly get => ((Internal.Id6 >> 53) & 0x1) != 0UL;
+            set => Internal.Id6 = (Internal.Id6 & 0xFFDFFFFFFFFFFFFF) | ((value ? 1UL : 0UL) << 53);
         }
 
         public bool DepthClampEnable
         {
-            readonly get => ((Internal.Id7 >> 54) & 0x1) != 0UL;
-            set => Internal.Id7 = (Internal.Id7 & 0xFFBFFFFFFFFFFFFF) | ((value ? 1UL : 0UL) << 54);
+            readonly get => ((Internal.Id6 >> 54) & 0x1) != 0UL;
+            set => Internal.Id6 = (Internal.Id6 & 0xFFBFFFFFFFFFFFFF) | ((value ? 1UL : 0UL) << 54);
         }
 
         public bool RasterizerDiscardEnable
         {
-            readonly get => ((Internal.Id7 >> 55) & 0x1) != 0UL;
-            set => Internal.Id7 = (Internal.Id7 & 0xFF7FFFFFFFFFFFFF) | ((value ? 1UL : 0UL) << 55);
+            readonly get => ((Internal.Id6 >> 55) & 0x1) != 0UL;
+            set => Internal.Id6 = (Internal.Id6 & 0xFF7FFFFFFFFFFFFF) | ((value ? 1UL : 0UL) << 55);
         }
 
         public FrontFace FrontFace
         {
-            readonly get => (FrontFace)((Internal.Id7 >> 56) & 0x1);
-            set => Internal.Id7 = (Internal.Id7 & 0xFEFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 56);
+            readonly get => (FrontFace)((Internal.Id6 >> 56) & 0x1);
+            set => Internal.Id6 = (Internal.Id6 & 0xFEFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 56);
         }
 
         public bool DepthBiasEnable
         {
-            readonly get => ((Internal.Id7 >> 57) & 0x1) != 0UL;
-            set => Internal.Id7 = (Internal.Id7 & 0xFDFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) | ((value ? 1UL : 0UL) << 57);
+            readonly get => ((Internal.Id6 >> 57) & 0x1) != 0UL;
+            set => Internal.Id6 = (Internal.Id6 & 0xFDFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) | ((value ? 1UL : 0UL) << 57);
         }
 
         public bool DepthTestEnable
         {
-            readonly get => ((Internal.Id7 >> 58) & 0x1) != 0UL;
-            set => Internal.Id7 = (Internal.Id7 & 0xFBFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) | ((value ? 1UL : 0UL) << 58);
+            readonly get => ((Internal.Id6 >> 58) & 0x1) != 0UL;
+            set => Internal.Id6 = (Internal.Id6 & 0xFBFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) | ((value ? 1UL : 0UL) << 58);
         }
 
         public bool DepthWriteEnable
         {
-            readonly get => ((Internal.Id7 >> 59) & 0x1) != 0UL;
-            set => Internal.Id7 = (Internal.Id7 & 0xF7FFFFFFFFFFFFFF) | ((value ? 1UL : 0UL) << 59);
+            readonly get => ((Internal.Id6 >> 59) & 0x1) != 0UL;
+            set => Internal.Id6 = (Internal.Id6 & 0xF7FFFFFFFFFFFFFF) | ((value ? 1UL : 0UL) << 59);
         }
 
         public bool DepthBoundsTestEnable
         {
-            readonly get => ((Internal.Id7 >> 60) & 0x1) != 0UL;
-            set => Internal.Id7 = (Internal.Id7 & 0xEFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) | ((value ? 1UL : 0UL) << 60);
+            readonly get => ((Internal.Id6 >> 60) & 0x1) != 0UL;
+            set => Internal.Id6 = (Internal.Id6 & 0xEFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) | ((value ? 1UL : 0UL) << 60);
         }
 
         public bool StencilTestEnable
         {
-            readonly get => ((Internal.Id7 >> 61) & 0x1) != 0UL;
-            set => Internal.Id7 = (Internal.Id7 & 0xDFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) | ((value ? 1UL : 0UL) << 61);
+            readonly get => ((Internal.Id6 >> 61) & 0x1) != 0UL;
+            set => Internal.Id6 = (Internal.Id6 & 0xDFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) | ((value ? 1UL : 0UL) << 61);
         }
 
         public bool LogicOpEnable
         {
-            readonly get => ((Internal.Id7 >> 62) & 0x1) != 0UL;
-            set => Internal.Id7 = (Internal.Id7 & 0xBFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) | ((value ? 1UL : 0UL) << 62);
+            readonly get => ((Internal.Id6 >> 62) & 0x1) != 0UL;
+            set => Internal.Id6 = (Internal.Id6 & 0xBFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) | ((value ? 1UL : 0UL) << 62);
         }
 
         public bool HasDepthStencil
         {
-            readonly get => ((Internal.Id7 >> 63) & 0x1) != 0UL;
-            set => Internal.Id7 = (Internal.Id7 & 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) | ((value ? 1UL : 0UL) << 63);
+            readonly get => ((Internal.Id6 >> 63) & 0x1) != 0UL;
+            set => Internal.Id6 = (Internal.Id6 & 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) | ((value ? 1UL : 0UL) << 63);
         }
 
         public uint PatchControlPoints
         {
-            readonly get => (uint)((Internal.Id8 >> 0) & 0xFFFFFFFF);
-            set => Internal.Id8 = (Internal.Id8 & 0xFFFFFFFF00000000) | ((ulong)value << 0);
+            readonly get => (uint)((Internal.Id7 >> 0) & 0xFFFFFFFF);
+            set => Internal.Id7 = (Internal.Id7 & 0xFFFFFFFF00000000) | ((ulong)value << 0);
         }
 
         public uint SamplesCount
         {
-            readonly get => (uint)((Internal.Id8 >> 32) & 0xFFFFFFFF);
-            set => Internal.Id8 = (Internal.Id8 & 0xFFFFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 32);
+            readonly get => (uint)((Internal.Id7 >> 32) & 0xFFFFFFFF);
+            set => Internal.Id7 = (Internal.Id7 & 0xFFFFFFFF) | ((ulong)value << 32);
         }
 
         public bool AlphaToCoverageEnable
         {
-            readonly get => ((Internal.Id9 >> 0) & 0x1) != 0UL;
-            set => Internal.Id9 = (Internal.Id9 & 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFE) | ((value ? 1UL : 0UL) << 0);
+            readonly get => ((Internal.Id8 >> 0) & 0x1) != 0UL;
+            set => Internal.Id8 = (Internal.Id8 & 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFE) | ((value ? 1UL : 0UL) << 0);
         }
 
         public bool AlphaToOneEnable
         {
-            readonly get => ((Internal.Id9 >> 1) & 0x1) != 0UL;
-            set => Internal.Id9 = (Internal.Id9 & 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFD) | ((value ? 1UL : 0UL) << 1);
+            readonly get => ((Internal.Id8 >> 1) & 0x1) != 0UL;
+            set => Internal.Id8 = (Internal.Id8 & 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFD) | ((value ? 1UL : 0UL) << 1);
         }
 
         public bool AdvancedBlendSrcPreMultiplied
         {
-            readonly get => ((Internal.Id9 >> 2) & 0x1) != 0UL;
-            set => Internal.Id9 = (Internal.Id9 & 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFB) | ((value ? 1UL : 0UL) << 2);
+            readonly get => ((Internal.Id8 >> 2) & 0x1) != 0UL;
+            set => Internal.Id8 = (Internal.Id8 & 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFB) | ((value ? 1UL : 0UL) << 2);
         }
 
         public bool AdvancedBlendDstPreMultiplied
         {
-            readonly get => ((Internal.Id9 >> 3) & 0x1) != 0UL;
-            set => Internal.Id9 = (Internal.Id9 & 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF7) | ((value ? 1UL : 0UL) << 3);
+            readonly get => ((Internal.Id8 >> 3) & 0x1) != 0UL;
+            set => Internal.Id8 = (Internal.Id8 & 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF7) | ((value ? 1UL : 0UL) << 3);
         }
 
         public BlendOverlapEXT AdvancedBlendOverlap
         {
-            readonly get => (BlendOverlapEXT)((Internal.Id9 >> 4) & 0x3);
-            set => Internal.Id9 = (Internal.Id9 & 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFCF) | ((ulong)value << 4);
+            readonly get => (BlendOverlapEXT)((Internal.Id8 >> 4) & 0x3);
+            set => Internal.Id8 = (Internal.Id8 & 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFCF) | ((ulong)value << 4);
         }
 
         public bool DepthMode
         {
-            readonly get => ((Internal.Id9 >> 6) & 0x1) != 0UL;
-            set => Internal.Id9 = (Internal.Id9 & 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFBF) | ((value ? 1UL : 0UL) << 6);
+            readonly get => ((Internal.Id8 >> 6) & 0x1) != 0UL;
+            set => Internal.Id8 = (Internal.Id8 & 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFBF) | ((value ? 1UL : 0UL) << 6);
         }
 
         public bool HasTessellationControlShader;
@@ -408,8 +396,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             fixed (VertexInputAttributeDescription* pVertexAttributeDescriptions = &Internal.VertexAttributeDescriptions[0])
             fixed (VertexInputAttributeDescription* pVertexAttributeDescriptions2 = &_vertexAttributeDescriptions2[0])
             fixed (VertexInputBindingDescription* pVertexBindingDescriptions = &Internal.VertexBindingDescriptions[0])
-            fixed (Viewport* pViewports = &Internal.Viewports[0])
-            fixed (Rect2D* pScissors = &Internal.Scissors[0])
             fixed (PipelineColorBlendAttachmentState* pColorBlendAttachmentState = &Internal.ColorBlendAttachmentState[0])
             {
                 var vertexInputState = new PipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo
@@ -472,18 +458,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                     CullMode = CullMode,
                     FrontFace = FrontFace,
                     DepthBiasEnable = DepthBiasEnable,
-                    DepthBiasClamp = DepthBiasClamp,
-                    DepthBiasConstantFactor = DepthBiasConstantFactor,
-                    DepthBiasSlopeFactor = DepthBiasSlopeFactor,
                 };
 
                 var viewportState = new PipelineViewportStateCreateInfo
                 {
                     SType = StructureType.PipelineViewportStateCreateInfo,
                     ViewportCount = ViewportsCount,
-                    PViewports = pViewports,
                     ScissorCount = ScissorsCount,
-                    PScissors = pScissors,
                 };
 
                 if (gd.Capabilities.SupportsDepthClipControl)
@@ -511,19 +492,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                     StencilFrontFailOp,
                     StencilFrontPassOp,
                     StencilFrontDepthFailOp,
-                    StencilFrontCompareOp,
-                    StencilFrontCompareMask,
-                    StencilFrontWriteMask,
-                    StencilFrontReference);
+                    StencilFrontCompareOp);
 
                 var stencilBack = new StencilOpState(
                     StencilBackFailOp,
                     StencilBackPassOp,
                     StencilBackDepthFailOp,
-                    StencilBackCompareOp,
-                    StencilBackCompareMask,
-                    StencilBackWriteMask,
-                    StencilBackReference);
+                    StencilBackCompareOp);
 
                 var depthStencilState = new PipelineDepthStencilStateCreateInfo
                 {
@@ -531,12 +506,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                     DepthTestEnable = DepthTestEnable,
                     DepthWriteEnable = DepthWriteEnable,
                     DepthCompareOp = DepthCompareOp,
-                    DepthBoundsTestEnable = DepthBoundsTestEnable,
+                    DepthBoundsTestEnable = false,
                     StencilTestEnable = StencilTestEnable,
                     Front = stencilFront,
                     Back = stencilBack,
-                    MinDepthBounds = MinDepthBounds,
-                    MaxDepthBounds = MaxDepthBounds,
                 };
 
                 uint blendEnables = 0;
@@ -591,22 +564,21 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 }
 
                 bool supportsExtDynamicState = gd.Capabilities.SupportsExtendedDynamicState;
-                int dynamicStatesCount = supportsExtDynamicState ? 9 : 8;
+                int dynamicStatesCount = supportsExtDynamicState ? 8 : 7;
 
                 DynamicState* dynamicStates = stackalloc DynamicState[dynamicStatesCount];
 
                 dynamicStates[0] = DynamicState.Viewport;
                 dynamicStates[1] = DynamicState.Scissor;
                 dynamicStates[2] = DynamicState.DepthBias;
-                dynamicStates[3] = DynamicState.DepthBounds;
-                dynamicStates[4] = DynamicState.StencilCompareMask;
-                dynamicStates[5] = DynamicState.StencilWriteMask;
-                dynamicStates[6] = DynamicState.StencilReference;
-                dynamicStates[7] = DynamicState.BlendConstants;
+                dynamicStates[3] = DynamicState.StencilCompareMask;
+                dynamicStates[4] = DynamicState.StencilWriteMask;
+                dynamicStates[5] = DynamicState.StencilReference;
+                dynamicStates[6] = DynamicState.BlendConstants;
 
                 if (supportsExtDynamicState)
                 {
-                    dynamicStates[8] = DynamicState.VertexInputBindingStrideExt;
+                    dynamicStates[7] = DynamicState.VertexInputBindingStrideExt;
                 }
 
                 var pipelineDynamicStateCreateInfo = new PipelineDynamicStateCreateInfo
@@ -632,7 +604,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                     PDynamicState = &pipelineDynamicStateCreateInfo,
                     Layout = PipelineLayout,
                     RenderPass = renderPass,
-                    BasePipelineIndex = -1,
                 };
 
                 Result result = gd.Api.CreateGraphicsPipelines(device, cache, 1, &pipelineCreateInfo, null, &pipelineHandle);

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/PipelineUid.cs

@@ -17,20 +17,17 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         public ulong Id4;
         public ulong Id5;
         public ulong Id6;
+
         public ulong Id7;
-
         public ulong Id8;
-        public ulong Id9;
 
-        private readonly uint VertexAttributeDescriptionsCount => (byte)((Id6 >> 38) & 0xFF);
-        private readonly uint VertexBindingDescriptionsCount => (byte)((Id6 >> 46) & 0xFF);
-        private readonly uint ColorBlendAttachmentStateCount => (byte)((Id7 >> 8) & 0xFF);
-        private readonly bool HasDepthStencil => ((Id7 >> 63) & 0x1) != 0UL;
+        private readonly uint VertexAttributeDescriptionsCount => (byte)((Id5 >> 38) & 0xFF);
+        private readonly uint VertexBindingDescriptionsCount => (byte)((Id5 >> 46) & 0xFF);
+        private readonly uint ColorBlendAttachmentStateCount => (byte)((Id6 >> 8) & 0xFF);
+        private readonly bool HasDepthStencil => ((Id6 >> 63) & 0x1) != 0UL;
 
         public Array32<VertexInputAttributeDescription> VertexAttributeDescriptions;
         public Array33<VertexInputBindingDescription> VertexBindingDescriptions;
-        public Array16<Viewport> Viewports;
-        public Array16<Rect2D> Scissors;
         public Array8<PipelineColorBlendAttachmentState> ColorBlendAttachmentState;
         public Array9<Format> AttachmentFormats;
         public uint AttachmentIntegerFormatMask;
@@ -45,7 +42,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         {
             if (!Unsafe.As<ulong, Vector256<byte>>(ref Id0).Equals(Unsafe.As<ulong, Vector256<byte>>(ref other.Id0)) ||
                 !Unsafe.As<ulong, Vector256<byte>>(ref Id4).Equals(Unsafe.As<ulong, Vector256<byte>>(ref other.Id4)) ||
-                !Unsafe.As<ulong, Vector128<byte>>(ref Id8).Equals(Unsafe.As<ulong, Vector128<byte>>(ref other.Id8)))
+                !Unsafe.As<ulong, Vector128<byte>>(ref Id7).Equals(Unsafe.As<ulong, Vector128<byte>>(ref other.Id7)))
             {
                 return false;
             }
@@ -88,8 +85,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                            Id5 * 23 ^
                            Id6 * 23 ^
                            Id7 * 23 ^
-                           Id8 * 23 ^
-                           Id9 * 23;
+                           Id8 * 23;
 
             for (int i = 0; i < (int)VertexAttributeDescriptionsCount; i++)
             {

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/ResourceArray.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+using Silk.NET.Vulkan;
+using System;
+using System.Diagnostics;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
+{
+    class ResourceArray : IDisposable
+    {
+        private DescriptorSet[] _cachedDescriptorSets;
+
+        private ShaderCollection _cachedDscProgram;
+        private int _cachedDscSetIndex;
+        private int _cachedDscIndex;
+
+        private int _bindCount;
+
+        protected void SetDirty(VulkanRenderer gd)
+        {
+            ReleaseDescriptorSet();
+
+            if (_bindCount != 0)
+            {
+                gd.PipelineInternal.ForceTextureDirty();
+            }
+        }
+
+        public bool TryGetCachedDescriptorSets(CommandBufferScoped cbs, ShaderCollection program, int setIndex, out DescriptorSet[] sets)
+        {
+            if (_cachedDescriptorSets != null)
+            {
+                _cachedDscProgram.UpdateManualDescriptorSetCollectionOwnership(cbs, _cachedDscSetIndex, _cachedDscIndex);
+
+                sets = _cachedDescriptorSets;
+
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            var dsc = program.GetNewManualDescriptorSetCollection(cbs, setIndex, out _cachedDscIndex).Get(cbs);
+
+            sets = dsc.GetSets();
+
+            _cachedDescriptorSets = sets;
+            _cachedDscProgram = program;
+            _cachedDscSetIndex = setIndex;
+
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        public void IncrementBindCount()
+        {
+            _bindCount++;
+        }
+
+        public void DecrementBindCount()
+        {
+            int newBindCount = --_bindCount;
+            Debug.Assert(newBindCount >= 0);
+        }
+
+        private void ReleaseDescriptorSet()
+        {
+            if (_cachedDescriptorSets != null)
+            {
+                _cachedDscProgram.ReleaseManualDescriptorSetCollection(_cachedDscSetIndex, _cachedDscIndex);
+                _cachedDescriptorSets = null;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            ReleaseDescriptorSet();
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/ShaderCollection.cs

@@ -604,9 +604,14 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             return _plce.GetNewDescriptorSetCollection(setIndex, out isNew);
         }
 
-        public Auto<DescriptorSetCollection> GetNewManualDescriptorSetCollection(int commandBufferIndex, int setIndex, out int cacheIndex)
+        public Auto<DescriptorSetCollection> GetNewManualDescriptorSetCollection(CommandBufferScoped cbs, int setIndex, out int cacheIndex)
         {
-            return _plce.GetNewManualDescriptorSetCollection(commandBufferIndex, setIndex, out cacheIndex);
+            return _plce.GetNewManualDescriptorSetCollection(cbs, setIndex, out cacheIndex);
+        }
+
+        public void UpdateManualDescriptorSetCollectionOwnership(CommandBufferScoped cbs, int setIndex, int cacheIndex)
+        {
+            _plce.UpdateManualDescriptorSetCollectionOwnership(cbs, setIndex, cacheIndex);
         }
 
         public void ReleaseManualDescriptorSetCollection(int setIndex, int cacheIndex)

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/TextureArray.cs

@@ -2,11 +2,10 @@ using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
 using Silk.NET.Vulkan;
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
-using System.Diagnostics;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 {
-    class TextureArray : ITextureArray
+    class TextureArray : ResourceArray, ITextureArray
     {
         private readonly VulkanRenderer _gd;
 
@@ -25,19 +24,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
         private HashSet<TextureStorage> _storages;
 
-        private DescriptorSet[] _cachedDescriptorSets;
-
         private int _cachedCommandBufferIndex;
         private int _cachedSubmissionCount;
 
-        private ShaderCollection _cachedDscProgram;
-        private int _cachedDscSetIndex;
-        private int _cachedDscIndex;
-
         private readonly bool _isBuffer;
 
-        private int _bindCount;
-
         public TextureArray(VulkanRenderer gd, int size, bool isBuffer)
         {
             _gd = gd;
@@ -113,12 +104,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         {
             _cachedCommandBufferIndex = -1;
             _storages = null;
-            _cachedDescriptorSets = null;
-
-            if (_bindCount != 0)
-            {
-                _gd.PipelineInternal.ForceTextureDirty();
-            }
+            SetDirty(_gd);
         }
 
         public void QueueWriteToReadBarriers(CommandBufferScoped cbs, PipelineStageFlags stageFlags)
@@ -211,7 +197,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             TextureView dummyTexture,
             SamplerHolder dummySampler)
         {
-            if (_cachedDescriptorSets != null)
+            if (TryGetCachedDescriptorSets(cbs, program, setIndex, out DescriptorSet[] sets))
             {
                 // We still need to ensure the current command buffer holds a reference to all used textures.
 
@@ -224,12 +210,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                     GetBufferViews(cbs);
                 }
 
-                return _cachedDescriptorSets;
+                return sets;
             }
 
-            _cachedDscProgram?.ReleaseManualDescriptorSetCollection(_cachedDscSetIndex, _cachedDscIndex);
-            var dsc = program.GetNewManualDescriptorSetCollection(cbs.CommandBufferIndex, setIndex, out _cachedDscIndex).Get(cbs);
-
             DescriptorSetTemplate template = program.Templates[setIndex];
 
             DescriptorSetTemplateWriter tu = templateUpdater.Begin(template);
@@ -243,24 +226,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 tu.Push(GetBufferViews(cbs));
             }
 
-            var sets = dsc.GetSets();
             templateUpdater.Commit(_gd, device, sets[0]);
-            _cachedDescriptorSets = sets;
-            _cachedDscProgram = program;
-            _cachedDscSetIndex = setIndex;
 
             return sets;
         }
-
-        public void IncrementBindCount()
-        {
-            _bindCount++;
-        }
-
-        public void DecrementBindCount()
-        {
-            int newBindCount = --_bindCount;
-            Debug.Assert(newBindCount >= 0);
-        }
     }
 }