gl_rasterizer: implement AccelerateDrawBatch to emulate PICA shader on hardware

src/video_core/rasterizer_interface.h

@@ -66,5 +66,10 @@ public:
                                    ScreenInfo& screen_info) {
         return false;
     }
+
+    /// Attempt to draw using hardware shaders
+    virtual bool AccelerateDrawBatch(bool is_indexed) {
+        return false;
+    }
 };
 } // namespace VideoCore

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.cpp

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
 #include "common/math_util.h"
 #include "common/microprofile.h"
+#include "common/scope_exit.h"
 #include "common/vector_math.h"
 #include "core/hw/gpu.h"
 #include "video_core/pica_state.h"
@@ -26,13 +27,17 @@
 using PixelFormat = SurfaceParams::PixelFormat;
 using SurfaceType = SurfaceParams::SurfaceType;
 
+MICROPROFILE_DEFINE(OpenGL_VAO, "OpenGL", "Vertex Array Setup", MP_RGB(255, 128, 0));
+MICROPROFILE_DEFINE(OpenGL_VS, "OpenGL", "Vertex Shader Setup", MP_RGB(192, 128, 128));
+MICROPROFILE_DEFINE(OpenGL_GS, "OpenGL", "Geometry Shader Setup", MP_RGB(128, 192, 128));
 MICROPROFILE_DEFINE(OpenGL_Drawing, "OpenGL", "Drawing", MP_RGB(128, 128, 192));
 MICROPROFILE_DEFINE(OpenGL_Blits, "OpenGL", "Blits", MP_RGB(100, 100, 255));
 MICROPROFILE_DEFINE(OpenGL_CacheManagement, "OpenGL", "Cache Mgmt", MP_RGB(100, 255, 100));
 
 RasterizerOpenGL::RasterizerOpenGL()
     : shader_dirty(true), vertex_buffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VERTEX_BUFFER_SIZE),
-      uniform_buffer(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER, UNIFORM_BUFFER_SIZE) {
+      uniform_buffer(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER, UNIFORM_BUFFER_SIZE),
+      index_buffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, INDEX_BUFFER_SIZE) {
     // Clipping plane 0 is always enabled for PICA fixed clip plane z <= 0
     state.clip_distance[0] = true;
 
@@ -46,13 +51,9 @@ RasterizerOpenGL::RasterizerOpenGL()
     texture_cube_sampler.Create();
     state.texture_cube_unit.sampler = texture_cube_sampler.sampler.handle;
 
-    // Generate VBO, VAO and UBO
+    // Generate VAO
-    vertex_array.Create();
+    sw_vao.Create();
-
+    hw_vao.Create();
-    state.draw.vertex_array = vertex_array.handle;
-    state.draw.vertex_buffer = vertex_buffer.GetHandle();
-    state.draw.uniform_buffer = uniform_buffer.GetHandle();
-    state.Apply();
 
     uniform_block_data.dirty = true;
 
@@ -67,10 +68,18 @@ RasterizerOpenGL::RasterizerOpenGL()
     uniform_block_data.proctex_diff_lut_dirty = true;
 
     glGetIntegerv(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER_OFFSET_ALIGNMENT, &uniform_buffer_alignment);
+    uniform_size_aligned_vs =
+        Common::AlignUp<size_t>(sizeof(VSUniformData), uniform_buffer_alignment);
+    uniform_size_aligned_gs =
+        Common::AlignUp<size_t>(sizeof(GSUniformData), uniform_buffer_alignment);
     uniform_size_aligned_fs =
         Common::AlignUp<size_t>(sizeof(UniformData), uniform_buffer_alignment);
 
-    // Set vertex attributes
+    // Set vertex attributes for software shader path
+    state.draw.vertex_array = sw_vao.handle;
+    state.draw.vertex_buffer = vertex_buffer.GetHandle();
+    state.Apply();
+
     glVertexAttribPointer(GLShader::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION, 4, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE,
                           sizeof(HardwareVertex), (GLvoid*)offsetof(HardwareVertex, position));
     glEnableVertexAttribArray(GLShader::ATTRIBUTE_POSITION);
@@ -176,6 +185,11 @@ RasterizerOpenGL::RasterizerOpenGL()
     glActiveTexture(TextureUnits::ProcTexDiffLUT.Enum());
     glTexBuffer(GL_TEXTURE_BUFFER, GL_RGBA32F, proctex_diff_lut_buffer.handle);
 
+    // Bind index buffer for hardware shader path
+    state.draw.vertex_array = hw_vao.handle;
+    state.Apply();
+    glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, index_buffer.GetHandle());
+
     shader_program_manager =
         std::make_unique<ShaderProgramManager>(GLAD_GL_ARB_separate_shader_objects);
 
@@ -258,10 +272,253 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::AddTriangle(const Pica::Shader::OutputVertex& v0,
     vertex_batch.emplace_back(v2, AreQuaternionsOpposite(v0.quat, v2.quat));
 }
 
+static constexpr std::array<GLenum, 4> vs_attrib_types{
+    GL_BYTE,          // VertexAttributeFormat::BYTE
+    GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, // VertexAttributeFormat::UBYTE
+    GL_SHORT,         // VertexAttributeFormat::SHORT
+    GL_FLOAT          // VertexAttributeFormat::FLOAT
+};
+
+struct VertexArrayInfo {
+    u32 vs_input_index_min;
+    u32 vs_input_index_max;
+    u32 vs_input_size;
+};
+
+RasterizerOpenGL::VertexArrayInfo RasterizerOpenGL::AnalyzeVertexArray(bool is_indexed) {
+    const auto& regs = Pica::g_state.regs;
+    const auto& vertex_attributes = regs.pipeline.vertex_attributes;
+
+    u32 vertex_min;
+    u32 vertex_max;
+    if (is_indexed) {
+        const auto& index_info = regs.pipeline.index_array;
+        PAddr address = vertex_attributes.GetPhysicalBaseAddress() + index_info.offset;
+        const u8* index_address_8 = Memory::GetPhysicalPointer(address);
+        const u16* index_address_16 = reinterpret_cast<const u16*>(index_address_8);
+        bool index_u16 = index_info.format != 0;
+
+        vertex_min = 0xFFFF;
+        vertex_max = 0;
+        std::size_t size = regs.pipeline.num_vertices * (index_u16 ? 2 : 1);
+        res_cache.FlushRegion(address, size, nullptr);
+        for (u32 index = 0; index < regs.pipeline.num_vertices; ++index) {
+            u32 vertex = index_u16 ? index_address_16[index] : index_address_8[index];
+            vertex_min = std::min(vertex_min, vertex);
+            vertex_max = std::max(vertex_max, vertex);
+        }
+    } else {
+        vertex_min = regs.pipeline.vertex_offset;
+        vertex_max = regs.pipeline.vertex_offset + regs.pipeline.num_vertices - 1;
+    }
+
+    u32 vertex_num = vertex_max - vertex_min + 1;
+    u32 vs_input_size = 0;
+    for (auto& loader : vertex_attributes.attribute_loaders) {
+        if (loader.component_count != 0) {
+            vs_input_size += loader.byte_count * vertex_num;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return {vertex_min, vertex_max, vs_input_size};
+}
+
+void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupVertexArray(u8* array_ptr, GLintptr buffer_offset,
+                                        GLuint vs_input_index_min, GLuint vs_input_index_max) {
+    MICROPROFILE_SCOPE(OpenGL_VAO);
+    const auto& regs = Pica::g_state.regs;
+    const auto& vertex_attributes = regs.pipeline.vertex_attributes;
+    PAddr base_address = vertex_attributes.GetPhysicalBaseAddress();
+
+    state.draw.vertex_array = hw_vao.handle;
+    state.draw.vertex_buffer = vertex_buffer.GetHandle();
+    state.Apply();
+
+    std::array<bool, 16> enable_attributes{};
+
+    for (const auto& loader : vertex_attributes.attribute_loaders) {
+        if (loader.component_count == 0 || loader.byte_count == 0) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        u32 offset = 0;
+        for (u32 comp = 0; comp < loader.component_count && comp < 12; ++comp) {
+            u32 attribute_index = loader.GetComponent(comp);
+            if (attribute_index < 12) {
+                if (vertex_attributes.GetNumElements(attribute_index) != 0) {
+                    offset = Common::AlignUp(
+                        offset, vertex_attributes.GetElementSizeInBytes(attribute_index));
+
+                    u32 input_reg = regs.vs.GetRegisterForAttribute(attribute_index);
+                    GLint size = vertex_attributes.GetNumElements(attribute_index);
+                    GLenum type = vs_attrib_types[static_cast<u32>(
+                        vertex_attributes.GetFormat(attribute_index))];
+                    GLsizei stride = loader.byte_count;
+                    glVertexAttribPointer(input_reg, size, type, GL_FALSE, stride,
+                                          reinterpret_cast<GLvoid*>(buffer_offset + offset));
+                    enable_attributes[input_reg] = true;
+
+                    offset += vertex_attributes.GetStride(attribute_index);
+                }
+            } else {
+                // Attribute ids 12, 13, 14 and 15 signify 4, 8, 12 and 16-byte paddings,
+                // respectively
+                offset = Common::AlignUp(offset, 4);
+                offset += (attribute_index - 11) * 4;
+            }
+        }
+
+        PAddr data_addr =
+            base_address + loader.data_offset + (vs_input_index_min * loader.byte_count);
+
+        u32 vertex_num = vs_input_index_max - vs_input_index_min + 1;
+        u32 data_size = loader.byte_count * vertex_num;
+
+        res_cache.FlushRegion(data_addr, data_size, nullptr);
+        std::memcpy(array_ptr, Memory::GetPhysicalPointer(data_addr), data_size);
+
+        array_ptr += data_size;
+        buffer_offset += data_size;
+    }
+
+    for (std::size_t i = 0; i < enable_attributes.size(); ++i) {
+        if (enable_attributes[i] != hw_vao_enabled_attributes[i]) {
+            if (enable_attributes[i]) {
+                glEnableVertexAttribArray(i);
+            } else {
+                glDisableVertexAttribArray(i);
+            }
+            hw_vao_enabled_attributes[i] = enable_attributes[i];
+        }
+
+        if (vertex_attributes.IsDefaultAttribute(i)) {
+            u32 reg = regs.vs.GetRegisterForAttribute(i);
+            if (!enable_attributes[reg]) {
+                const auto& attr = Pica::g_state.input_default_attributes.attr[i];
+                glVertexAttrib4f(reg, attr.x.ToFloat32(), attr.y.ToFloat32(), attr.z.ToFloat32(),
+                                 attr.w.ToFloat32());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+bool RasterizerOpenGL::SetupVertexShader() {
+    MICROPROFILE_SCOPE(OpenGL_VS);
+    GLShader::PicaVSConfig vs_config(Pica::g_state.regs, Pica::g_state.vs);
+    return shader_program_manager->UseProgrammableVertexShader(vs_config, Pica::g_state.vs);
+}
+
+bool RasterizerOpenGL::SetupGeometryShader() {
+    MICROPROFILE_SCOPE(OpenGL_GS);
+    const auto& regs = Pica::g_state.regs;
+    if (regs.pipeline.use_gs == Pica::PipelineRegs::UseGS::No) {
+        GLShader::PicaFixedGSConfig gs_config(regs);
+        shader_program_manager->UseFixedGeometryShader(gs_config);
+        return true;
+    } else {
+        GLShader::PicaGSConfig gs_config(regs, Pica::g_state.gs);
+        return shader_program_manager->UseProgrammableGeometryShader(gs_config, Pica::g_state.gs);
+    }
+}
+
+bool RasterizerOpenGL::AccelerateDrawBatch(bool is_indexed) {
+    const auto& regs = Pica::g_state.regs;
+    if (regs.pipeline.use_gs != Pica::PipelineRegs::UseGS::No) {
+        if (regs.pipeline.gs_config.mode != Pica::PipelineRegs::GSMode::Point) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (regs.pipeline.triangle_topology != Pica::PipelineRegs::TriangleTopology::Shader) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (!SetupVertexShader())
+        return false;
+
+    if (!SetupGeometryShader())
+        return false;
+
+    Draw(true, is_indexed);
+    return true;
+}
+
+static GLenum GetCurrentPrimitiveMode(bool use_gs) {
+    const auto& regs = Pica::g_state.regs;
+    if (use_gs) {
+        switch ((regs.gs.max_input_attribute_index + 1) /
+                (regs.pipeline.vs_outmap_total_minus_1_a + 1)) {
+        case 1:
+            return GL_POINTS;
+        case 2:
+            return GL_LINES;
+        case 4:
+            return GL_LINES_ADJACENCY;
+        case 3:
+            return GL_TRIANGLES;
+        case 6:
+            return GL_TRIANGLES_ADJACENCY;
+        default:
+            UNREACHABLE();
+        }
+    } else {
+        switch (regs.pipeline.triangle_topology) {
+        case Pica::PipelineRegs::TriangleTopology::Shader:
+        case Pica::PipelineRegs::TriangleTopology::List:
+            return GL_TRIANGLES;
+        case Pica::PipelineRegs::TriangleTopology::Fan:
+            return GL_TRIANGLE_FAN;
+        case Pica::PipelineRegs::TriangleTopology::Strip:
+            return GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP;
+        default:
+            UNREACHABLE();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void RasterizerOpenGL::AccelerateDrawBatchInternal(bool is_indexed, bool use_gs) {
+    const auto& regs = Pica::g_state.regs;
+    GLenum primitive_mode = GetCurrentPrimitiveMode(use_gs);
+
+    auto [vs_input_index_min, vs_input_index_max, vs_input_size] = AnalyzeVertexArray(is_indexed);
+
+    state.draw.vertex_buffer = vertex_buffer.GetHandle();
+    state.Apply();
+
+    u8* buffer_ptr;
+    GLintptr buffer_offset;
+    std::tie(buffer_ptr, buffer_offset, std::ignore) = vertex_buffer.Map(vs_input_size, 4);
+    SetupVertexArray(buffer_ptr, buffer_offset, vs_input_index_min, vs_input_index_max);
+    vertex_buffer.Unmap(vs_input_size);
+
+    shader_program_manager->ApplyTo(state);
+    state.Apply();
+
+    if (is_indexed) {
+        bool index_u16 = regs.pipeline.index_array.format != 0;
+        std::size_t index_buffer_size = regs.pipeline.num_vertices * (index_u16 ? 2 : 1);
+        const u8* index_data =
+            Memory::GetPhysicalPointer(regs.pipeline.vertex_attributes.GetPhysicalBaseAddress() +
+                                       regs.pipeline.index_array.offset);
+        std::tie(buffer_ptr, buffer_offset, std::ignore) = index_buffer.Map(index_buffer_size, 4);
+        std::memcpy(buffer_ptr, index_data, index_buffer_size);
+        index_buffer.Unmap(index_buffer_size);
+
+        glDrawRangeElementsBaseVertex(
+            primitive_mode, vs_input_index_min, vs_input_index_max, regs.pipeline.num_vertices,
+            index_u16 ? GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT : GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,
+            reinterpret_cast<const void*>(buffer_offset), -static_cast<GLint>(vs_input_index_min));
+    } else {
+        glDrawArrays(primitive_mode, 0, regs.pipeline.num_vertices);
+    }
+}
+
 void RasterizerOpenGL::DrawTriangles() {
     if (vertex_batch.empty())
         return;
+    Draw(false, false);
+}
 
+void RasterizerOpenGL::Draw(bool accelerate, bool is_indexed) {
     MICROPROFILE_SCOPE(OpenGL_Drawing);
     const auto& regs = Pica::g_state.regs;
 
@@ -474,7 +731,8 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::DrawTriangles() {
     }
 
     // Sync the uniform data
-    UploadUniforms();
+    const bool use_gs = regs.pipeline.use_gs == Pica::PipelineRegs::UseGS::Yes;
+    UploadUniforms(accelerate, use_gs);
 
     // Viewport can have negative offsets or larger
     // dimensions than our framebuffer sub-rect.
@@ -487,22 +745,30 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::DrawTriangles() {
     state.scissor.height = draw_rect.GetHeight();
     state.Apply();
 
-    shader_program_manager->UseTrivialVertexShader();
-    shader_program_manager->UseTrivialGeometryShader();
-    shader_program_manager->ApplyTo(state);
-    state.Apply();
-
     // Draw the vertex batch
-    size_t max_vertices = 3 * (vertex_buffer.GetSize() / (3 * sizeof(HardwareVertex)));
+    if (accelerate) {
-    for (size_t base_vertex = 0; base_vertex < vertex_batch.size(); base_vertex += max_vertices) {
+        AccelerateDrawBatchInternal(is_indexed, use_gs);
-        size_t vertices = std::min(max_vertices, vertex_batch.size() - base_vertex);
+    } else {
-        size_t vertex_size = vertices * sizeof(HardwareVertex);
+        state.draw.vertex_array = sw_vao.handle;
-        u8* vbo;
+        state.draw.vertex_buffer = vertex_buffer.GetHandle();
-        GLintptr offset;
+        shader_program_manager->UseTrivialVertexShader();
-        std::tie(vbo, offset, std::ignore) = vertex_buffer.Map(vertex_size, sizeof(HardwareVertex));
+        shader_program_manager->UseTrivialGeometryShader();
-        memcpy(vbo, vertex_batch.data() + base_vertex, vertex_size);
+        shader_program_manager->ApplyTo(state);
-        vertex_buffer.Unmap(vertex_size);
+        state.Apply();
-        glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, offset / sizeof(HardwareVertex), (GLsizei)vertices);
+
+        std::size_t max_vertices = 3 * (VERTEX_BUFFER_SIZE / (3 * sizeof(HardwareVertex)));
+        for (std::size_t base_vertex = 0; base_vertex < vertex_batch.size();
+             base_vertex += max_vertices) {
+            std::size_t vertices = std::min(max_vertices, vertex_batch.size() - base_vertex);
+            std::size_t vertex_size = vertices * sizeof(HardwareVertex);
+            u8* vbo;
+            GLintptr offset;
+            std::tie(vbo, offset, std::ignore) =
+                vertex_buffer.Map(vertex_size, sizeof(HardwareVertex));
+            std::memcpy(vbo, vertex_batch.data() + base_vertex, vertex_size);
+            vertex_buffer.Unmap(vertex_size);
+            glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, offset / sizeof(HardwareVertex), (GLsizei)vertices);
+        }
     }
 
     // Disable scissor test
@@ -1648,18 +1914,53 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SyncLightDistanceAttenuationScale(int light_index) {
     }
 }
 
-void RasterizerOpenGL::UploadUniforms() {
+void RasterizerOpenGL::UploadUniforms(bool accelerate_draw, bool use_gs) {
-    if (!uniform_block_data.dirty)
+    // glBindBufferRange below also changes the generic buffer binding point, so we sync the state
+    // first
+    state.draw.uniform_buffer = uniform_buffer.GetHandle();
+    state.Apply();
+
+    bool sync_vs = accelerate_draw;
+    bool sync_gs = accelerate_draw && use_gs;
+    bool sync_fs = uniform_block_data.dirty;
+
+    if (!sync_vs && !sync_gs && !sync_fs)
         return;
 
-    size_t uniform_size = uniform_size_aligned_fs;
+    size_t uniform_size =
+        uniform_size_aligned_vs + uniform_size_aligned_gs + uniform_size_aligned_fs;
+    size_t used_bytes = 0;
     u8* uniforms;
     GLintptr offset;
-    std::tie(uniforms, offset, std::ignore) =
+    bool invalidate;
+    std::tie(uniforms, offset, invalidate) =
         uniform_buffer.Map(uniform_size, uniform_buffer_alignment);
-    std::memcpy(uniforms, &uniform_block_data.data, sizeof(UniformData));
+
-    uniform_buffer.Unmap(uniform_size);
+    if (sync_vs) {
-    glBindBufferRange(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER, 0, uniform_buffer.GetHandle(), offset,
+        VSUniformData vs_uniforms;
-                      sizeof(UniformData));
+        vs_uniforms.uniforms.SetFromRegs(Pica::g_state.regs.vs, Pica::g_state.vs);
-    uniform_block_data.dirty = false;
+        std::memcpy(uniforms + used_bytes, &vs_uniforms, sizeof(vs_uniforms));
+        glBindBufferRange(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER, static_cast<GLuint>(UniformBindings::VS),
+                          uniform_buffer.GetHandle(), offset + used_bytes, sizeof(VSUniformData));
+        used_bytes += uniform_size_aligned_vs;
+    }
+
+    if (sync_gs) {
+        GSUniformData gs_uniforms;
+        gs_uniforms.uniforms.SetFromRegs(Pica::g_state.regs.gs, Pica::g_state.gs);
+        std::memcpy(uniforms + used_bytes, &gs_uniforms, sizeof(gs_uniforms));
+        glBindBufferRange(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER, static_cast<GLuint>(UniformBindings::GS),
+                          uniform_buffer.GetHandle(), offset + used_bytes, sizeof(GSUniformData));
+        used_bytes += uniform_size_aligned_gs;
+    }
+
+    if (sync_fs || invalidate) {
+        std::memcpy(uniforms + used_bytes, &uniform_block_data.data, sizeof(UniformData));
+        glBindBufferRange(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER, static_cast<GLuint>(UniformBindings::Common),
+                          uniform_buffer.GetHandle(), offset + used_bytes, sizeof(UniformData));
+        uniform_block_data.dirty = false;
+        used_bytes += uniform_size_aligned_fs;
+    }
+
+    uniform_buffer.Unmap(used_bytes);
 }

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.h

@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ public:
     bool AccelerateFill(const GPU::Regs::MemoryFillConfig& config) override;
     bool AccelerateDisplay(const GPU::Regs::FramebufferConfig& config, PAddr framebuffer_addr,
                            u32 pixel_stride, ScreenInfo& screen_info) override;
+    bool AccelerateDrawBatch(bool is_indexed) override;
 
 private:
     struct SamplerInfo {
@@ -73,6 +74,7 @@ private:
 
     /// Structure that the hardware rendered vertices are composed of
     struct HardwareVertex {
+        HardwareVertex() = default;
         HardwareVertex(const Pica::Shader::OutputVertex& v, bool flip_quaternion) {
             position[0] = v.pos.x.ToFloat32();
             position[1] = v.pos.y.ToFloat32();
@@ -216,7 +218,32 @@ private:
     void SyncLightDistanceAttenuationScale(int light_index);
 
     /// Upload the uniform blocks to the uniform buffer object
-    void UploadUniforms();
+    void UploadUniforms(bool accelerate_draw, bool use_gs);
+
+    /// Generic draw function for DrawTriangles and AccelerateDrawBatch
+    void Draw(bool accelerate, bool is_indexed);
+
+    /// Internal implementation for AccelerateDrawBatch
+    void AccelerateDrawBatchInternal(bool is_indexed, bool use_gs);
+
+    struct VertexArrayInfo {
+        u32 vs_input_index_min;
+        u32 vs_input_index_max;
+        u32 vs_input_size;
+    };
+
+    /// Retrieve the range and the size of the input vertex
+    VertexArrayInfo AnalyzeVertexArray(bool is_indexed);
+
+    /// Setup vertex array for AccelerateDrawBatch
+    void SetupVertexArray(u8* array_ptr, GLintptr buffer_offset, GLuint vs_input_index_min,
+                          GLuint vs_input_index_max);
+
+    /// Setup vertex shader for AccelerateDrawBatch
+    bool SetupVertexShader();
+
+    /// Setup geometry shader for AccelerateDrawBatch
+    bool SetupGeometryShader();
 
     OpenGLState state;
 
@@ -242,14 +269,21 @@ private:
 
     // They shall be big enough for about one frame.
     static constexpr size_t VERTEX_BUFFER_SIZE = 32 * 1024 * 1024;
+    static constexpr size_t INDEX_BUFFER_SIZE = 1 * 1024 * 1024;
     static constexpr size_t UNIFORM_BUFFER_SIZE = 2 * 1024 * 1024;
 
+    OGLVertexArray sw_vao; // VAO for software shader draw
+    OGLVertexArray hw_vao; // VAO for hardware shader / accelerate draw
+    std::array<bool, 16> hw_vao_enabled_attributes{};
+
     std::array<SamplerInfo, 3> texture_samplers;
-    OGLVertexArray vertex_array;
     OGLStreamBuffer vertex_buffer;
     OGLStreamBuffer uniform_buffer;
+    OGLStreamBuffer index_buffer;
     OGLFramebuffer framebuffer;
     GLint uniform_buffer_alignment;
+    size_t uniform_size_aligned_vs;
+    size_t uniform_size_aligned_gs;
     size_t uniform_size_aligned_fs;
 
     SamplerInfo texture_cube_sampler;