// Copyright 2018 yuzu emulator team // Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version // Refer to the license.txt file included. #include #include #include #include "common/alignment.h" #include "common/hex_util.h" #include "common/scope_exit.h" #include "core/hle/ipc_helpers.h" #include "core/hle/kernel/errors.h" #include "core/hle/kernel/memory/page_table.h" #include "core/hle/kernel/memory/system_control.h" #include "core/hle/kernel/process.h" #include "core/hle/service/ldr/ldr.h" #include "core/hle/service/service.h" #include "core/loader/nro.h" #include "core/memory.h" namespace Service::LDR { constexpr ResultCode ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_ADDRESS_SPACE{ErrorModule::RO, 2}; constexpr ResultCode ERROR_INVALID_MEMORY_STATE{ErrorModule::Loader, 51}; constexpr ResultCode ERROR_INVALID_NRO{ErrorModule::Loader, 52}; constexpr ResultCode ERROR_INVALID_NRR{ErrorModule::Loader, 53}; constexpr ResultCode ERROR_MISSING_NRR_HASH{ErrorModule::Loader, 54}; constexpr ResultCode ERROR_MAXIMUM_NRO{ErrorModule::Loader, 55}; constexpr ResultCode ERROR_MAXIMUM_NRR{ErrorModule::Loader, 56}; constexpr ResultCode ERROR_ALREADY_LOADED{ErrorModule::Loader, 57}; constexpr ResultCode ERROR_INVALID_ALIGNMENT{ErrorModule::Loader, 81}; constexpr ResultCode ERROR_INVALID_SIZE{ErrorModule::Loader, 82}; constexpr ResultCode ERROR_INVALID_NRO_ADDRESS{ErrorModule::Loader, 84}; constexpr ResultCode ERROR_INVALID_NRR_ADDRESS{ErrorModule::Loader, 85}; constexpr ResultCode ERROR_NOT_INITIALIZED{ErrorModule::Loader, 87}; constexpr std::size_t MAXIMUM_LOADED_RO{0x40}; constexpr std::size_t MAXIMUM_MAP_RETRIES{0x200}; struct Certification { u64_le application_id_mask; u64_le application_id_pattern; std::array reserved; std::array public_key; // Also known as modulus std::array signature; }; static_assert(sizeof(Certification) == 0x220, "Certification has invalid size!"); using SHA256Hash = std::array; struct NRRHeader { u32_le magic; u32_le certification_signature_key_generation; // 9.0.0+ u64_le reserved; Certification certification; std::array signature; u64_le application_id; u32_le size; u8 nrr_kind; std::array reserved_2; u32_le hash_offset; u32_le hash_count; u64_le reserved_3; // Must be dynamically allocated because, according to // SwitchBrew, its size is (0x20 * hash_count) and // it's impossible to determine the value of hash_count // (SwitchBrew calls it "NumHash") before runtime, // therefore it's not possible to calculate a SHA-256 std::vector NroHashList; }; struct SegmentHeader { u32_le memory_offset; u32_le memory_size; }; static_assert(sizeof(SegmentHeader) == 0x8, "SegmentHeader has invalid size!"); struct NROHeader { // Switchbrew calls this "Start" (0x10) u32_le unused; u32_le mod_offset; u64_le padding; // Switchbrew calls this "Header" (0x70) u32_le magic; u32_le version; u32_le nro_size; u32_le flags; // .text, .ro, .data (yuzu previously called it "rw" instead of "data") std::array segment_headers; u32_le bss_size; u32_le reserved; std::array build_id; u32_le dso_handle_offset; u32_le unused_2; // .apiInfo, .dynstr, .dynsym std::array segment_headers_2; }; static_assert(sizeof(NROHeader) == 0x80, "NROHeader has invalid size."); struct NROInfo { SHA256Hash hash{}; VAddr nro_address{}; std::size_t nro_size{}; VAddr bss_address{}; std::size_t bss_size{}; std::size_t text_size{}; std::size_t ro_size{}; std::size_t data_size{}; VAddr src_addr{}; }; class DebugMonitor final : public ServiceFramework { public: explicit DebugMonitor() : ServiceFramework{"ldr:dmnt"} { // clang-format off static const FunctionInfo functions[] = { {0, nullptr, "AddProcessToDebugLaunchQueue"}, {1, nullptr, "ClearDebugLaunchQueue"}, {2, nullptr, "GetNsoInfos"}, }; // clang-format on RegisterHandlers(functions); } }; class ProcessManager final : public ServiceFramework { public: explicit ProcessManager() : ServiceFramework{"ldr:pm"} { // clang-format off static const FunctionInfo functions[] = { {0, nullptr, "CreateProcess"}, {1, nullptr, "GetProgramInfo"}, {2, nullptr, "RegisterTitle"}, {3, nullptr, "UnregisterTitle"}, {4, nullptr, "SetEnabledProgramVerification"}, }; // clang-format on RegisterHandlers(functions); } }; class Shell final : public ServiceFramework { public: explicit Shell() : ServiceFramework{"ldr:shel"} { // clang-format off static const FunctionInfo functions[] = { {0, nullptr, "AddProcessToLaunchQueue"}, {1, nullptr, "ClearLaunchQueue"}, }; // clang-format on RegisterHandlers(functions); } }; class RelocatableObject final : public ServiceFramework { public: explicit RelocatableObject(Core::System& system) : ServiceFramework{"ldr:ro"}, system(system) { // clang-format off static const FunctionInfo functions[] = { {0, &RelocatableObject::LoadNro, "LoadNro"}, {1, &RelocatableObject::UnloadNro, "UnloadNro"}, {2, &RelocatableObject::LoadNrr, "LoadNrr"}, {3, nullptr, "UnloadNrr"}, {4, &RelocatableObject::Initialize, "Initialize"}, {10, nullptr, "LoadNrrEx"}, }; // clang-format on RegisterHandlers(functions); } void LoadNrr(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) { struct Parameters { u64_le process_id; u64_le nrr_address; u64_le nrr_size; }; IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx}; const auto [process_id, nrr_address, nrr_size] = rp.PopRaw(); LOG_DEBUG(Service_LDR, "called with process_id={:016X}, nrr_address={:016X}, nrr_size={:016X}", process_id, nrr_address, nrr_size); if (!initialized) { LOG_ERROR(Service_LDR, "LDR:RO not initialized before use!"); IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2}; rb.Push(ERROR_NOT_INITIALIZED); return; } if (nrr.size() >= MAXIMUM_LOADED_RO) { LOG_ERROR(Service_LDR, "Loading new NRR would exceed the maximum number of loaded NRRs " "(0x40)! Failing..."); IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2}; rb.Push(ERROR_MAXIMUM_NRR); return; } // NRR Address does not fall on 0x1000 byte boundary if (!Common::Is4KBAligned(nrr_address)) { LOG_ERROR(Service_LDR, "NRR Address has invalid alignment (actual {:016X})!", nrr_address); IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2}; rb.Push(ERROR_INVALID_ALIGNMENT); return; } // NRR Size is zero or causes overflow if (nrr_address + nrr_size <= nrr_address || nrr_size == 0 || !Common::Is4KBAligned(nrr_size)) { LOG_ERROR(Service_LDR, "NRR Size is invalid! (nrr_address={:016X}, nrr_size={:016X})", nrr_address, nrr_size); IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2}; rb.Push(ERROR_INVALID_SIZE); return; } // Read NRR data from memory std::vector nrr_data(nrr_size); system.Memory().ReadBlock(nrr_address, nrr_data.data(), nrr_size); NRRHeader header; std::memcpy(&header, nrr_data.data(), sizeof(NRRHeader)); if (header.magic != Common::MakeMagic('N', 'R', 'R', '0')) { LOG_ERROR(Service_LDR, "NRR did not have magic 'NRR0' (actual {:08X})!", header.magic); IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2}; rb.Push(ERROR_INVALID_NRR); return; } if (header.size != nrr_size) { LOG_ERROR(Service_LDR, "NRR header reported size did not match LoadNrr parameter size! " "(header_size={:016X}, loadnrr_size={:016X})", header.size, nrr_size); IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2}; rb.Push(ERROR_INVALID_SIZE); return; } if (system.CurrentProcess()->GetTitleID() != header.application_id) { LOG_ERROR(Service_LDR, "Attempting to load NRR with title ID other than current process. (actual " "{:016X})!", header.application_id); IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2}; rb.Push(ERROR_INVALID_NRR); return; } std::vector hashes; // Copy all hashes in the NRR (specified by hash count/hash offset) into vector. for (std::size_t i = header.hash_offset; i < (header.hash_offset + (header.hash_count * sizeof(SHA256Hash))); i += 8) { SHA256Hash hash; std::memcpy(hash.data(), nrr_data.data() + i, sizeof(SHA256Hash)); hashes.emplace_back(hash); } nrr.insert_or_assign(nrr_address, std::move(hashes)); IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2}; rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS); } bool ValidateRegionForMap(Kernel::Memory::PageTable& page_table, VAddr start, std::size_t size) const { constexpr std::size_t padding_size{4 * Kernel::Memory::PageSize}; const auto start_info{page_table.QueryInfo(start - 1)}; if (start_info.state != Kernel::Memory::MemoryState::Free) { return {}; } if (start_info.GetAddress() > (start - padding_size)) { return {}; } const auto end_info{page_table.QueryInfo(start + size)}; if (end_info.state != Kernel::Memory::MemoryState::Free) { return {}; } return (start + size + padding_size) <= (end_info.GetAddress() + end_info.GetSize()); } VAddr GetRandomMapRegion(const Kernel::Memory::PageTable& page_table, std::size_t size) const { VAddr addr{}; const std::size_t end_pages{(page_table.GetAliasCodeRegionSize() - size) >> Kernel::Memory::PageBits}; do { addr = page_table.GetAliasCodeRegionStart() + (Kernel::Memory::SystemControl::GenerateRandomRange(0, end_pages) << Kernel::Memory::PageBits); } while (!page_table.IsInsideAddressSpace(addr, size) || page_table.IsInsideHeapRegion(addr, size) || page_table.IsInsideAliasRegion(addr, size)); return addr; } ResultVal MapProcessCodeMemory(Kernel::Process* process, VAddr baseAddress, u64 size) const { for (int retry{}; retry < MAXIMUM_MAP_RETRIES; retry++) { auto& page_table{process->PageTable()}; const VAddr addr{GetRandomMapRegion(page_table, size)}; const ResultCode result{page_table.MapProcessCodeMemory(addr, baseAddress, size)}; if (result == Kernel::ERR_INVALID_ADDRESS_STATE) { continue; } CASCADE_CODE(result); if (ValidateRegionForMap(page_table, addr, size)) { return MakeResult(addr); } } return ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_ADDRESS_SPACE; } ResultVal MapNro(Kernel::Process* process, VAddr nro_addr, std::size_t nro_size, VAddr bss_addr, std::size_t bss_size, std::size_t size) const { for (int retry{}; retry < MAXIMUM_MAP_RETRIES; retry++) { auto& page_table{process->PageTable()}; VAddr addr{}; CASCADE_RESULT(addr, MapProcessCodeMemory(process, nro_addr, nro_size)); if (bss_size) { auto block_guard = detail::ScopeExit([&] { page_table.UnmapProcessCodeMemory(addr + nro_size, bss_addr, bss_size); page_table.UnmapProcessCodeMemory(addr, nro_addr, nro_size); }); const ResultCode result{ page_table.MapProcessCodeMemory(addr + nro_size, bss_addr, bss_size)}; if (result == Kernel::ERR_INVALID_ADDRESS_STATE) { continue; } if (result.IsError()) { return result; } block_guard.Cancel(); } if (ValidateRegionForMap(page_table, addr, size)) { return MakeResult(addr); } } return ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_ADDRESS_SPACE; } ResultCode LoadNro(Kernel::Process* process, const NROHeader& nro_header, VAddr nro_addr, VAddr start) const { const VAddr text_start{start + nro_header.segment_headers[0].memory_offset}; const VAddr ro_start{start + nro_header.segment_headers[1].memory_offset}; const VAddr data_start{start + nro_header.segment_headers[2].memory_offset}; const VAddr bss_start{data_start + nro_header.segment_headers[2].memory_size}; const VAddr bss_end_addr{ Common::AlignUp(bss_start + nro_header.bss_size, Kernel::Memory::PageSize)}; auto CopyCode{[&](VAddr src_addr, VAddr dst_addr, u64 size) { std::vector source_data(size); system.Memory().ReadBlock(src_addr, source_data.data(), source_data.size()); system.Memory().WriteBlock(dst_addr, source_data.data(), source_data.size()); }}; CopyCode(nro_addr + nro_header.segment_headers[0].memory_offset, text_start, nro_header.segment_headers[0].memory_size); CopyCode(nro_addr + nro_header.segment_headers[1].memory_offset, ro_start, nro_header.segment_headers[1].memory_size); CopyCode(nro_addr + nro_header.segment_headers[2].memory_offset, data_start, nro_header.segment_headers[2].memory_size); CASCADE_CODE(process->PageTable().SetCodeMemoryPermission( text_start, ro_start - text_start, Kernel::Memory::MemoryPermission::ReadAndExecute)); CASCADE_CODE(process->PageTable().SetCodeMemoryPermission( ro_start, data_start - ro_start, Kernel::Memory::MemoryPermission::Read)); return process->PageTable().SetCodeMemoryPermission( data_start, bss_end_addr - data_start, Kernel::Memory::MemoryPermission::ReadAndWrite); } void LoadNro(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) { struct Parameters { u64_le process_id; u64_le image_address; u64_le image_size; u64_le bss_address; u64_le bss_size; }; IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx}; const auto [process_id, nro_address, nro_size, bss_address, bss_size] = rp.PopRaw(); LOG_DEBUG(Service_LDR, "called with pid={:016X}, nro_addr={:016X}, nro_size={:016X}, bss_addr={:016X}, " "bss_size={:016X}", process_id, nro_address, nro_size, bss_address, bss_size); if (!initialized) { LOG_ERROR(Service_LDR, "LDR:RO not initialized before use!"); IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2}; rb.Push(ERROR_NOT_INITIALIZED); return; } if (nro.size() >= MAXIMUM_LOADED_RO) { LOG_ERROR(Service_LDR, "Loading new NRO would exceed the maximum number of loaded NROs " "(0x40)! Failing..."); IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2}; rb.Push(ERROR_MAXIMUM_NRO); return; } // NRO Address does not fall on 0x1000 byte boundary if (!Common::Is4KBAligned(nro_address)) { LOG_ERROR(Service_LDR, "NRO Address has invalid alignment (actual {:016X})!", nro_address); IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2}; rb.Push(ERROR_INVALID_ALIGNMENT); return; } // NRO Size or BSS Size is zero or causes overflow const auto nro_size_valid = nro_size != 0 && nro_address + nro_size > nro_address && Common::Is4KBAligned(nro_size); const auto bss_size_valid = nro_size + bss_size >= nro_size && (bss_size == 0 || bss_address + bss_size > bss_address); if (!nro_size_valid || !bss_size_valid) { LOG_ERROR(Service_LDR, "NRO Size or BSS Size is invalid! (nro_address={:016X}, nro_size={:016X}, " "bss_address={:016X}, bss_size={:016X})", nro_address, nro_size, bss_address, bss_size); IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2}; rb.Push(ERROR_INVALID_SIZE); return; } // Read NRO data from memory std::vector nro_data(nro_size); system.Memory().ReadBlock(nro_address, nro_data.data(), nro_size); SHA256Hash hash{}; mbedtls_sha256_ret(nro_data.data(), nro_data.size(), hash.data(), 0); // NRO Hash is already loaded if (std::any_of(nro.begin(), nro.end(), [&hash](const std::pair& info) { return info.second.hash == hash; })) { LOG_ERROR(Service_LDR, "NRO is already loaded!"); IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2}; rb.Push(ERROR_ALREADY_LOADED); return; } // NRO Hash is not in any loaded NRR if (!IsValidNROHash(hash)) { LOG_ERROR(Service_LDR, "NRO hash is not present in any currently loaded NRRs (hash={})!", Common::HexToString(hash)); IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2}; rb.Push(ERROR_MISSING_NRR_HASH); return; } // Load and validate the NRO header NROHeader header{}; std::memcpy(&header, nro_data.data(), sizeof(NROHeader)); if (!IsValidNRO(header, nro_size, bss_size)) { LOG_ERROR(Service_LDR, "NRO was invalid!"); IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2}; rb.Push(ERROR_INVALID_NRO); return; } // Map memory for the NRO const auto map_result{MapNro(system.CurrentProcess(), nro_address, nro_size, bss_address, bss_size, nro_size + bss_size)}; if (map_result.Failed()) { IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2}; rb.Push(map_result.Code()); } // Load the NRO into the mapped memory if (const auto result{LoadNro(system.CurrentProcess(), header, nro_address, *map_result)}; result.IsError()) { IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2}; rb.Push(map_result.Code()); } // Track the loaded NRO nro.insert_or_assign(*map_result, NROInfo{hash, *map_result, nro_size, bss_address, bss_size, header.segment_headers[0].memory_size, header.segment_headers[1].memory_size, header.segment_headers[2].memory_size, nro_address}); // Invalidate JIT caches for the newly mapped process code system.InvalidateCpuInstructionCaches(); IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 4}; rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS); rb.Push(*map_result); } ResultCode UnmapNro(const NROInfo& info) { // Each region must be unmapped separately to validate memory state auto& page_table{system.CurrentProcess()->PageTable()}; CASCADE_CODE(page_table.UnmapProcessCodeMemory(info.nro_address + info.text_size + info.ro_size + info.data_size, info.bss_address, info.bss_size)); CASCADE_CODE(page_table.UnmapProcessCodeMemory( info.nro_address + info.text_size + info.ro_size, info.src_addr + info.text_size + info.ro_size, info.data_size)); CASCADE_CODE(page_table.UnmapProcessCodeMemory( info.nro_address + info.text_size, info.src_addr + info.text_size, info.ro_size)); CASCADE_CODE( page_table.UnmapProcessCodeMemory(info.nro_address, info.src_addr, info.text_size)); return RESULT_SUCCESS; } void UnloadNro(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) { if (!initialized) { LOG_ERROR(Service_LDR, "LDR:RO not initialized before use!"); IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2}; rb.Push(ERROR_NOT_INITIALIZED); return; } struct Parameters { u64_le process_id; u64_le nro_address; }; IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx}; const auto [process_id, nro_address] = rp.PopRaw(); LOG_DEBUG(Service_LDR, "called with process_id={:016X}, nro_address=0x{:016X}", process_id, nro_address); if (!Common::Is4KBAligned(nro_address)) { LOG_ERROR(Service_LDR, "NRO address has invalid alignment (nro_address=0x{:016X})", nro_address); IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2}; rb.Push(ERROR_INVALID_ALIGNMENT); return; } const auto iter = nro.find(nro_address); if (iter == nro.end()) { LOG_ERROR(Service_LDR, "The NRO attempting to be unmapped was not mapped or has an invalid address " "(nro_address=0x{:016X})!", nro_address); IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2}; rb.Push(ERROR_INVALID_NRO_ADDRESS); return; } const auto result{UnmapNro(iter->second)}; system.InvalidateCpuInstructionCaches(); nro.erase(iter); IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2}; rb.Push(result); } void Initialize(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) { LOG_WARNING(Service_LDR, "(STUBBED) called"); initialized = true; IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2}; rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS); } private: bool initialized{}; std::map nro; std::map> nrr; bool IsValidNROHash(const SHA256Hash& hash) const { return std::any_of(nrr.begin(), nrr.end(), [&hash](const auto& p) { return std::find(p.second.begin(), p.second.end(), hash) != p.second.end(); }); } static bool IsValidNRO(const NROHeader& header, u64 nro_size, u64 bss_size) { return header.magic == Common::MakeMagic('N', 'R', 'O', '0') && header.nro_size == nro_size && header.bss_size == bss_size && header.segment_headers[1].memory_offset == header.segment_headers[0].memory_offset + header.segment_headers[0].memory_size && header.segment_headers[2].memory_offset == header.segment_headers[1].memory_offset + header.segment_headers[1].memory_size && nro_size == header.segment_headers[2].memory_offset + header.segment_headers[2].memory_size && Common::Is4KBAligned(header.segment_headers[0].memory_size) && Common::Is4KBAligned(header.segment_headers[1].memory_size) && Common::Is4KBAligned(header.segment_headers[2].memory_size); } Core::System& system; }; void InstallInterfaces(SM::ServiceManager& sm, Core::System& system) { std::make_shared()->InstallAsService(sm); std::make_shared()->InstallAsService(sm); std::make_shared()->InstallAsService(sm); std::make_shared(system)->InstallAsService(sm); } } // namespace Service::LDR