2011-12-03 00:12:45 +01:00
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@title libphutil Libraries User Guide
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@group userguide
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Guide to creating and managing libphutil libraries.
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= Overview =
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libphutil includes a library system which organizes PHP classes and functions
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into modules. Some extensions and customizations of Arcanist and Phabricator
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require you to make code available to Phabricator by providing it in a libphutil
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library.
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For example, if you want to store files in some kind of custom storage engine,
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you need to write a class which can interact with that engine and then tell
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Phabricator to load it.
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In general, you perform these one-time setup steps:
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- Create a new directory.
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- Use ##arc liberate## to initialize and name the library.
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- Add a dependency on Phabricator if necessary.
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- Add the library to your Phabricator config or ##.arcconfig## so it will be
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loaded at runtime.
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Then, to add new code, you do this:
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- Write or update classes.
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- Update the library metadata by running ##arc liberate## again.
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= Creating a New Library =
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To **create a new libphutil library**:
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$ mkdir libcustom/
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$ cd libcustom/
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libcustom/ $ arc liberate src/
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Now you'll get a prompt like this:
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2012-06-27 02:32:39 +02:00
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lang=txt
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2011-12-03 00:12:45 +01:00
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No library currently exists at that path...
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The directory '/some/path/libcustom/src' does not exist.
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Do you want to create it? [y/N] y
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Creating new libphutil library in '/some/path/libcustom/src'.
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Choose a name for the new library.
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What do you want to name this library?
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Choose a library name (in this case, "libcustom" would be appropriate) and it
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you should get some details about the library initialization:
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2012-06-27 02:32:39 +02:00
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lang=txt
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2011-12-03 00:12:45 +01:00
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Writing '__phutil_library_init__.php' to
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'/some/path/libcustom/src/__phutil_library_init__.php'...
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Using library root at 'src'...
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Mapping library...
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Verifying library...
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Finalizing library map...
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OKAY Library updated.
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This will write three files:
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- ##src/.phutil_module_cache## This is a cache which makes "arc liberate"
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faster when you run it to update the library. You can safely remove it at
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any time. If you check your library into version control, you can add this
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file to ignore rules (like .gitignore).
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- ##src/__phutil_library_init__.php## This records the name of the library and
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tells libphutil that a library exists here.
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- ##src/__phutil_library_map__.php## This is a map of all the symbols
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(functions and classes) in the library, which allows them to be autoloaded
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at runtime and dependencies to be statically managed by "arc liberate".
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= Linking with Phabricator =
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If you aren't using this library with Phabricator (e.g., you are only using it
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with Arcanist or are building something else on libphutil) you can skip this
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step.
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But, if you intend to use this library with Phabricator, you need to define its
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dependency on Phabricator by creating a ##.arcconfig## file which points at
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Phabricator. For example, you might write this file to
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##libcustom/.arcconfig##:
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{
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"project_id" : "libcustom",
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2012-07-26 21:01:39 +02:00
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"load" : [
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"phabricator/src/"
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]
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2011-12-03 00:12:45 +01:00
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}
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For details on creating a ##.arcconfig##, see
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@{article:Arcanist User Guide: Configuring a New Project}. In general, this
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tells ##arc liberate## that it should look for symbols in Phabricator when
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performing static analysis.
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NOTE: If Phabricator isn't located next to your custom library, specify a
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path which actually points to the ##phabricator/## directory.
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You do not need to declare dependencies on ##arcanist## or ##libphutil##,
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since ##arc liberate## automatically loads them.
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Finally, edit your Phabricator config to tell it to load your library at
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runtime, by adding it to ##load-libraries##:
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...
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'load-libraries' => array(
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'libcustom' => 'libcustom/src/',
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),
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...
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Now, Phabricator will be able to load classes from your custom library.
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= Writing Classes =
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To actually write classes, create a new module and put code in it:
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libcustom/ $ mkdir src/example/
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libcustom/ $ nano src/example/ExampleClass.php # Edit some code.
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Now, run ##arc liberate## to regenerate the static resource map:
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libcustom/ $ arc liberate src/
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2012-06-01 22:04:01 +02:00
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This will automatically regenerate the static map of the library.
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2012-01-31 21:08:15 +01:00
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= What You Can Extend And Invoke =
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libphutil, Arcanist and Phabricator are strict about extensibility of classes
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and visibility of methods and properties. Most classes are marked ##final##, and
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methods have the minimum required visibility (protected or private). The goal of
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this strictness is to make it clear what you can safely extend, access, and
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invoke, so your code will keep working as the upstream changes.
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When developing libraries to work with libphutil, Arcanist and Phabricator, you
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should respect method and property visibility and extend only classes marked
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##@stable##. They are rendered with a large callout in the documentation (for
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example: @{class@libphutil:AbstractDirectedGraph}). These classes are external
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interfaces intended for extension.
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If you want to extend a class but it is not marked ##@stable##, here are some
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approaches you can take:
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- Good: If possible, use composition rather than extension to build your
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feature.
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- Good: Check the documentation for a better way to accomplish what you're
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trying to do.
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- Good: Let us know what your use case is so we can make the class tree more
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flexible or configurable, or point you at the right way to do whatever
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you're trying to do, or explain why we don't let you do it.
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- Discouraged: Send us a patch removing "final" (or turning "protected" or
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"private" into "public"). We generally will not accept these patches, unless
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there's a good reason that the current behavior is wrong.
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- Discouraged: Create an ad-hoc local fork and remove "final" in your copy of
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the code. This will make it more difficult for you to upgrade in the future.
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- Discouraged: Use Reflection to violate visibility keywords.
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