244 lines
10 KiB
Text
244 lines
10 KiB
Text
$Id$
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1. INTRODUCTION::
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If you want to add blfs-tool support into an xLFS base system build,
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read the "BLFS_TOOL SUPPORT" section found in the README and be sure
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to follow the after-booting installation intructions.
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To automate package builds from the BLFS book instructions is a huge
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task. Some of the issues are: the BLFS book isn't linear; some package
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pages use a custom layout; there are circular dependencies; several
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packages can be installed on a non-default prefix; build commands can
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change based on what dependencies will be used, etc.
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That being said, the goal of the blfs-tool is to help you solve package
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dependencies, create build scripts and a Makefile. Few of the auto-generated
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build scripts and Makefile will work "as is", thus, as a general rule,
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you will need to review and edit the scripts while reading the book.
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2. PREREQUISITES::
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To use this tool you MUST:
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- have experience building BLFS packages
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- know how to edit and write shell scripts
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- know how a Makefile works
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- be able to trace build failures and to find what is causing it
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(user error, package bug, BLFS command bug, or jhalfs code bug)
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If you do not have the above skills, please don't use this tool.
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3. USAGE::
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Due the complexity of the BLFS book, the scripts and Makefile generation
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is done in several steps:
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3.1 INSTALLED PACKAGES TRACKING SYSTEM::
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This tool includes a very simple tracking system to log which packages
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have been installed using the tool. It is used to skip installed packages
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from target selection menu and to test if an installed package has been
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updated in the BLFS book. Do not rely on this feature as a package
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management tool.
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The tracking system itself is an XML file: instpkg.xml. It is
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initialized when make is first run in blfs_root. It resides in a directory
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which is created when needed during the process of building custom tools
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or blfs tools, after xLFS. You can specify that directory location in
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the blfs tools submenu of jhalfs. You may need to update permissions
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and/or ownership of this directory before using the blfs tool.
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The default location of the tracking directory is /var/lib/jhalfs/BLFS
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3.2 BLFS_TOOL INSTALLATION::
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The tools are installed just after the building of xLFS, if the
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appropriate options have been selected in the building menu, as per
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jhalfs README. If you forgot to select the options and xLFS has been
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built, it is possible to go back to selecting the appropriate
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BLFS tools options in the jhalfs menu, then tick `Run makefile'
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and not `Rebuild files'. You obtain a /blfs_root directory in the
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root directory of the new xLFS system, which contains the followings:
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blfs-xml/* SVN tree of the selected BLFS book version
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lib/* functions libraries
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menu/* lxdialog and menuconfig source code
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xsl/* XSL stylesheets used at several stages of the process
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README.BLFS this file
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TODO developers notes (well, not often updated)
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gen_pkg_book.sh resolves dependencies and generates linear BLFS books
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and build scripts
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gen-makefile.sh generates the target Makefile
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progress_bar.sh the target Makefile progress bar
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gen-special.sh Helper script for generating the package database
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Makefile Used by make to update the package database from the SVN
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tree, then launch the menuconfig interface, and run
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gen_pkg_book.sh based on configuration settings
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packages.xml auto-generated packages database
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packdesc.dtd a simple DTD describing the format of the package
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database
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envars.conf envars needed when running the target build scripts
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From now on, all the work must be done from inside the installation
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root directory.
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You may move that directory to the $HOME of a non root user, or build
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as root from that directory.
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3.3 UPDATING BOOK SOURCES::
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If you are using the development book version and you want to update
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installed packages to the latest version found in that book, you need to
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update the XML sources and packages database.
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To do that run "make update". It may happen that the subversion
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version of your building host is older than the version you just
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built. This may generate weird errors like "'.' omitted". The easiest
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thing to do in that case, is to completely remove the blfs-xml directory
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and run "make update".
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On the next configuration run, packages already installed but listed
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with a new version in the book will be available for target selection
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and used to solve dependencies.
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3.4 CONFIGURING AND PARSING THE BOOK::
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The next step is to create a book and build scripts in dependency
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build order for one or several packages.
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Run <make> to launch the configuration interface. The main menu contains
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two blocks: individual package selection, and build options.
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In the build options section, the dependencies level and default packages
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used to solve alternatives are set (currently, only for the mTA). You can
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also select whether the build will be made as a normal user or as root.
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Those settings are saved to be reused in future configuration runs.
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When you are done with the menu, a few checks occur, and the book is
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generated. When circular dependencies are found, a 3 line message is
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printed:
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A is a dependency of B
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C is a dependency of A
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A is a dependency of C
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and a question:
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Do you want to build A first?
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This means that the system has found the dependency chain: B->A->C->A.
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You have therefore to choose whether A is built before C, or
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C before A: the system cannot make that choice (well, maybe in a few
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year, with an AI system able to understand the book). if you answer no,
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C is built first. If you answer yes, C is put in place of A as a dependency
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of B, then the tree dependency restarts from there, that is with the
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layout B->C->... You may then hit the case B->C->A->C, for which you
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should answer no, unless you want to enter an infinite (human driven) loop.
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You end up with a book.xml file which contains the linearized book,
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and a rendered HTML, in the directory book-html, which you can browse with
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"lynx book-html/index.html" (or with any other browser).
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Furthermore, there is a directory "scripts", which contains the generated
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scriptlets.
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There is also another directory, "dependencies" that contains files
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generated while resolving dependencies.
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3.5 EDITING BUILD SCRIPTS
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Now it is time to review the generated book and scripts, making any
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changes to the scripts necessary to fix generation bugs or to suit your
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needs.
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Scripts for additional packages (i.e., for non-BLFS packages) can be
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easily inserted. For example, if you want to install the external dependency
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"bar" before "foo" package and the "foo" script is named "064-z-foo", you
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just need to create a "064-y-bar" build script.
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Remember, the package tracking system isn't a package management tool
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and knows nothing about packages not in the BLFS book.
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Also, review and edit envars.conf. This file is used to set global envars
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needed by the build scripts.
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3.6 CREATING THE MAKEFILE
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When the build scripts are ready to be run, the Makefile can be
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created. Create an empty directory (for example "mkdir work") and cd
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to that directory. Then run ../gen-makefile.sh
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Review the Makefile, and, if all looks sane, start the build by running
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"make".
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4. GENERATED BUILD SCRIPTS ISSUES::
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In this section, known issues with the generated build scripts are
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discussed. They are due to build procedures and/or BLFS layout
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particularities that we can't handle. In several cases, editing the
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build scripts is mandatory.
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You may also need to insert some build scripts created by you to resolve
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unhandled dependencies and/or to remove some script installing the affected
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package by hand.
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4.1 BLFS BOOTSCRIPTS
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Normally, bootscript installation should work. On the other hand, the
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book does not give instruction for running them, so you might have to
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manually insert /etc/init.d/<initscript> at some place during the build.
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4.2 PACKAGE CONFIGURATION
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For those packages that have a "Configuration" section, you should
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edit the build script to fit the needs of your system. Sometimes, the
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bash startup files are modified (see for example the instructions for
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llvm). You might have to insert something like "source /etc/bash_profile"
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at some point during the build.
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4.4 GCC, JDK, Sane, and KDE-multimedia, freetype2, MesaLib and others
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On the pages for those packages, the BLFS book actually has instructions
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to download and install two or more packages. You must edit the scripts to
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fix this.
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We will try to fix some of them, but this may not be possible.
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4.5 XORG7
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The generated scripts for Xorg7 packages have $SRC_ARCHIVE
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support for individual packages, but not for patches nor *.wget and *.md5
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files.
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If you have previously downloaded the patches, you must edit
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the scripts to use your local packages.
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The *.wget and *.md5 files should be downladed always from inside
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the scripts to be sure that the most current individual packages are
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used. Thus don't reuse previously existing ones.
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In the script for xorg7-font, be sure to move the fonts directories
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symlinks creation to after the "for ... done" loop.
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4.6 PATCHES
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By default, all required patches will be downloaded from the NET.
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If you have previously downloaded the patches, you must edit the
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scripts to use your local patches.
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Also, be sure that all scripts have the commands to download/apply the
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required patches. Due to book layout issues, some patches may be missing.
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4.7 ROOT COMMANDS
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If building as a normal user (the default setting), be sure that all
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commands that require root privileges are run using sudo. Also make sure
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necessary root privilege commands are visible in your PATH.
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Due to book layout issues, some sudo commands may be missing.
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4.8 OTHERS
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There may be other issues that we are not aware of. If you find
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any, please report it to <alfs-discuss@linuxfromscratch.org>.
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