631 lines
28 KiB
Bash
631 lines
28 KiB
Bash
#!/bin/bash
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#
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------#
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# This is a set of (recursive) functions for manipulating a dependency graph. #
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# We use algorithms and definitions from chapter 4 (mainly section 4.2) of #
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# https://algs4.cs.princeton.edu/. The graph we manipulate is the directed #
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# graph of the dependencies: nodes are packages in the BLFS book. A node A is #
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# connected to a node B if package A depends on B. A topological order (rev- #
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# erted) is exactly what we want for a build order. But a topological order #
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# only exists if the graph is acyclic. We'll therefore have to remove cycles. #
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# There are a number of other features we want to consider: #
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# - edges are weighted according to the dependency requirement: #
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# 1 for required #
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# 2 for recommended #
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# 3 for optional #
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# 4 for external #
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# We should consider only edges with weight lower or equal to that #
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# specified by the user, but see below. #
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# - we do not want to build the whole book. The user requests a set of #
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# packages, and we'd like to consider only nodes reachable from this set #
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# using edges of weight not exceeding the specified weight. #
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# - we do not want to rebuild packages already built. But we still have to #
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# generate the full dependency graph, because if A depends on B, which is #
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# already built, and B depends on C, which is not built, or needs to be #
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# updated, then A may depends on C. We therefore have to remove already #
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# built (and up to date) packages from the graph, but need to keep the #
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# dependency chain. #
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# - when doing the topological sort, we want to consider all the edges and #
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# not only those not exceeding the specified weight: If a package A in the #
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# reachable subgraph depends optionally on another package B in the same #
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# subgraph, we want to build B before A if possible. But this means we'll #
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# have to remove cycles for all weights. #
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# - dependencies have another qualifier: before, after, or first. We use #
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# it as follows: for "after", we can build the dependency after the #
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# package, but if a package A depends on B with an "after" qualifier, and #
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# a package C depends on A with a "before" qualifier, C may need B to be #
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# able to use A. So the only safe way to consider "after" qualifiers is to #
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# consider that they are "before" deps for any parent of the packages #
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# considered. There is an exception to that rule: if B depends on C #
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# (possibly through a chain of several dependencies), then C should still #
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# be built before B. For "after", the dependency has to be built both #
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# before and after the package. So we duplicate the dependency as a #
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# "-pass1" package, and change the graph accordingly. #
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# We'll therefore have a 3 pass procedure. First build the set of nodes #
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# reachable from the root set. Second, remove dangling edges (those pointing #
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# to packages outside the node set), and move "after" edges to "before" edges #
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# originating from the parents as well as creating the "-pass1" nodes. Third #
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# remove cycles and generate a topological sort. #
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# #
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# Pass 1: graph generation #
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# ======================== #
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# Data layout for pass 1 #
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# ---------------------- #
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# A node of the graph is represented by a text file <nodeName>.dep. Each edge #
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# starting from this node is represented by a line in this file. We keep #
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# those files in the same directory. We introduce a special node named root, #
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# whose edges point to the list of nodes requested by the user. Each line #
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# contains three fields: #
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# - the weight of the edge #
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# - the qualifier: "before" (b), "after" (a), or "first" (f) #
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# - the name of the destination of the edge (without the ".dep" extension) #
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# #
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# Recursive function "generate_subgraph" #
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# -------------------------------------- #
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# This function treats a node of the graph that is not a leaf and that is #
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# seen for the first time in the DFS. The dependencies of this node are #
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# known, and stored in a .dep file. For each dependency in that file, there #
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# are three cases: #
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# - the weight of the edge leading to that dependency is higher than #
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# requested. This dependency is discarded (some information printed) #
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# - the weight of the edge is lower or equal to requested, but the node #
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# has already been visited (the .dep file exists). Discard too (some #
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# information printed) #
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# - the weight of the edge is lower or equal to requested, and the node #
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# has not been seen: then the dependencies of that node are generated, #
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# and there are two cases: #
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# - the node has no dependencies: just create an empty .dep file, so #
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# that we know the node has been visited #
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# - the node has dependencies: call generate_subgraph for that node #
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# #
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# This function takes four parameters: #
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# - The node filename: this is the only one useful for the algorithm #
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# - The depth: number of steps starting from root (for pretty print only) #
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# - The weight of the edge leading to that node (for printing) #
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# - The qualifier (for printing) #
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# #
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# Pass 2: graph transformation #
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# ============================ #
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# We now have three loops over nodes of the graph #
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# Loop 1: Remove dead edges #
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# ------------------------- #
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# Since some nodes have not been created because the edges leading to them #
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# had too high a weight, those edges have to be suppressed. #
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# For each existing node file, we make a list of lines to remove by #
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# testing whether the destination exists. We then remove the lines. #
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# Another approach would be to make a temporary file and output only #
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# lines that should stay, then rename the file. This would save a loop. #
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# All in all it is an N*e process, where N is the number of nodes and e #
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# the average number of edges originating from a node. #
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# Loop 2: Treat "after" edges #
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# --------------------------- #
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# If a node is the origin of edges qualified as "after", we want the #
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# nodes which are the destination of those edges to be built after #
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# the origin node, but before any node that depend on the origin #
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# node. For that, the general rule is to change: #
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# P---b--->A---a--->D #
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# to: #
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# P---b--->Agroupxx---b--->A #
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# | #
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# ---b--->D #
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# But there is a problem if D depends on P, possibly through a chain, #
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# because we create a cycle which shouldn't exist. If this is the case, #
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# we leave A as a dependency of P: #
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# P---b--->A #
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# #
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# Agroupxx---b--->A #
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# | #
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# ---b--->D #
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# Doing so, it may happen that Agroupxx has no parent. We then add #
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# Agroupxx as a dependency of root. The problem with this algorithm is #
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# the search for paths from D to A, which may be exponential in the #
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# number of nodes in the graph. #
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# #
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# Loop 3: Add -pass1 nodes #
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# ------------------------ #
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# Sometimes there is no way to escape a cycle. A package A needs B, and B #
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# needs A. In that case, it is often possible to build a degraded version #
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# of package A, then B, then rebuild A. The book indicates this with the #
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# following dependency chain, using a qualifier of "first": #
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# B---f--->A---b--->X...Y---b--->B #
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# where the X...Y notation represents a chain of dependencies from A to B. #
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# So the third loop is over nodes containing "f" qualifiers, and does the #
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# following: it creates a new node A-pass1, which is a copy of A, and #
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# remove from A-pass1 all the dependencies leading to B through a chain, #
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# to obtain: #
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# A---b--->X...Y---b--->B---b--->A-pass1 #
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# It may then happen that nothing depends on A. So this is tested, and A #
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# is added to the root node if it is orphaned. #
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# TODO: document the third pass #
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# TODO: needs also to document the .tree files #
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# TODO: The following is obsolete #
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# Circular dependencies: #
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# #
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# In case we find a cirdular dependency, it has the form : #
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# parent->dependency_0->...->dependency_n->dependency_0 #
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# If we want to build dependency_n before dependency_0, no problem: #
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# we just prune the tree at dependency_n. If we want to build first #
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# dependency_0, we need to put dependency_n as a dependency of parent, #
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# then erase and rebuild the subtree from there. Now, we may have met #
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# another circular dependency in the subtree, and erasing the tree makes #
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# us forget the decision which was made. So, after first generating the #
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# list of dependencies from packages.xml, we keep the generated list in #
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# a file <nodeName>.odep, which we modify according to the decision which #
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# was made. #
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#---------------------------------------------------------------------------#
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# Global variables:
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# A string of spaces for indenting:
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declare -a spaceSTR=" "
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# When we are backing up from a circular dependency, `parentNode'
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# contains the node which has an edge entering the cycle
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declare parentNode
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#---------------------#
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generate_subgraph() { #
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#---------------------#
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: <<inline_doc
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function: Create a subgraph of all the nodes reachable from the node
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represented by the file whose name is $1. The edges considered
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are those with maximal weight DEP_LEVEL (recursive function).
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input vars: $1 : file name corresponding to the node whose edges will be
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followed for the DFS
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$2 : weight of the edge leading to this node
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$3 : depth (root is 1)
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$4 : qualifier (a for after, b for before, f for first)
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externals: vars: DEP_LEVEL contains 1 if we want to build the
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tree only for required dependencies,
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2 if we want also recommended ones,
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3 if we want also optional ones, but only
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for the requested packages,
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4 if we want all the dependencies
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(excluding external of course)
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MAIL_SERVER contains the name of the MTA we want to use.
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files: ../xsl/dependencies.xsl: stylesheet for creating the
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.dep files
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../packages.xml: File containing packages id
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and dependencies
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returns: 0 if the tree has been successfully created
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output: files: for each node reachable from $1, a file <node>.dep.
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on error: nothing
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on success: nothing
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inline_doc
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local depFile=$1
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local -i weight=$2
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local -i depth=$3
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local qualifier=$4
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local -i spacing=0
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local priostring
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local buildstring
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local id_of_dep
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local prio_of_dep
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local build_of_dep
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local dep_level
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if (( depth < 10 )); then spacing=1; fi
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case $weight in
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1) priostring=required ;;
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2) priostring=recommended ;;
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3) priostring=optional ;;
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esac
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case $qualifier in
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a) buildstring=runtime ;;
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b|f) buildstring= ;;
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esac
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dep_level=$DEP_LEVEL
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if [ "$dep_level" = 3 ] && [ "$depth" -gt 2 ]; then dep_level=2; fi
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if [ "$dep_level" -gt 3 ]; then dep_level=3; fi
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echo -en "\nNode: $depth${spaceSTR:0:$(( depth + spacing ))}${RED}${depFile%.dep}${OFF} $priostring $buildstring"
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depth=$(( depth + 1 ))
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if (( depth < 10 )); then spacing=1; else spacing=0; fi
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# Start of loop
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{
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while read prio_of_dep build_of_dep id_of_dep; do
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case $prio_of_dep in
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1) priostring=required ;;
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2) priostring=recommended ;;
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3) priostring=optional ;;
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4) priostring=external ;;
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esac
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case $build_of_dep in
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a ) buildstring=runtime ;;
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b|f) buildstring= ;;
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esac
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# Has this entry already been seen?
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# TODO: no there is no special case!
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# We have a special case here: if the entry has been seen at depth > 2
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# and now depth=2 and DEP_LEVEL=3, optional deps have not been processed.
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# If this is the case, just consider it has not been seen.
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if [ -f ${id_of_dep}.dep ] ; then
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case $depth$DEP_LEVEL in
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23) ;;
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*)
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# Just display it and proceed.
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echo -en "\nEdge: $depth${spaceSTR:0:$((depth + spacing))}${MAGENTA}${id_of_dep}${OFF} $priostring $buildstring"
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continue
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;;
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esac
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fi
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# Is the weight higher than requested?
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if [ "$prio_of_dep" -gt $dep_level ]; then
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# Just display it and proceed.
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echo -en "\n Out: $depth${spaceSTR:0:$((depth + spacing))}${YELLOW}${id_of_dep}${OFF} $priostring $buildstring"
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continue
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fi
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# Otherwise, let's build the corresponding subgraph.
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xsltproc --stringparam idofdep "$id_of_dep" \
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--stringparam MTA "$MAIL_SERVER" \
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-o ${id_of_dep}.dep \
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../xsl/dependencies.xsl ../packages.xml
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if [[ -s ${id_of_dep}.dep ]]; then # this dependency has dependencies
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generate_subgraph ${id_of_dep}.dep $prio_of_dep $depth $build_of_dep
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else # id_of_dep has no dependencies, just touch the file and display
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touch ${id_of_dep}.dep
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echo -en "\nLeaf: $depth${spaceSTR:0:$((depth + spacing))}${CYAN}${id_of_dep}${OFF} $priostring $buildstring"
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fi
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done
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} <$depFile
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depth=$(( depth - 1 ))
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if (( depth < 10 )); then spacing=1; else spacing=0; fi
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echo -en "\n End: $depth${spaceSTR:0:$((depth + spacing))}${GREEN}${depFile%.dep}${OFF}"
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return 0
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}
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#-----------#
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path_to() { #
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#-----------#
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: <<inline_doc
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function: check whether there is a path from $1 to $2 on the graph
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input vars: $1 contains the filename of the starting node.
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$2 contains the name of the node to reach
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$3 contains the weight above which we do not want to
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follow an edge
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$seen (global) contains the list of already seen nodes.
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It must ve set to " " prior to calling the function
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returns: 0 if the node has been found
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1 if not
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on error: nothing
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on success: nothing
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inline_doc
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local start=$1
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local seek=$2
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local prio=$3
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local prio_of_dep
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local build_of_dep
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local id_of_dep
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local r
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if test "${start%.dep}" = "$seek"; then return 0; fi
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seen="$seen${start%.dep} "
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if test -s $start; then
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{
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while read prio_of_dep build_of_dep id_of_dep; do
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if test "$prio" -lt "$prio_of_dep"; then continue; fi
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if ! test "${seen% $id_of_dep *}" = "$seen"; then continue; fi
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if path_to ${id_of_dep}.dep $seek $prio; then return 0; fi
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done
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} < $start
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fi
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return 1
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}
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#------------------#
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clean_subgraph() { #
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#------------------#
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: <<inline_doc
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function: Remove dangling edges and create groups of deps for "after"
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deps: A-before->B-after->C becomes:
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A -before-> Bgroupxx -before-> B
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\
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-before-> C
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the name of the group is chosen so that it is unlikely as
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a package name (so that it is removed when building the
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xml book).
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Also change the "first" qualifier so that a cycle:
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A -first-> B ---chain---> A becomes:
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B ---chain---> A -before-> B-pass1
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and we remove all the dependencies which have a chain to
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A in B-pass1.
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Since we do not change anything else, it may happen that
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nothing depends on B. In that case, B is appended to root.
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input vars: None
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files: <node>.dep files containing dangling edges and
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"after" qualifiers
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returns: 0
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output: files: <node>.dep files containing no dangling edges and
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no "after" qualifiers
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on error: nothing
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on success: nothing
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inline_doc
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local node
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local id_of_dep
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local prio_of_dep
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local build_of_dep
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local lines_to_remove
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local lines_to_change
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local parent
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local p
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local b
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local start
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local seen
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for node in $(ls *.dep); do
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if test $node = root.dep; then continue; fi
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echo Cleaning $node
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lines_to_remove=
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{
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while read prio_of_dep build_of_dep id_of_dep; do
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if ! test -f ${id_of_dep}.dep; then
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lines_to_remove="$lines_to_remove $id_of_dep"
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continue
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fi
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done
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} <$node
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for id_of_dep in $lines_to_remove; do
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sed "/\ $id_of_dep\$/d" -i $node
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done
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done
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for node in $(grep -l ' a ' *.dep); do
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lines_to_remove=
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echo Process "runtime" deps in $node
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if ! [ -e ${node%.dep}groupxx.dep ]; then
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b=0 # Nothing depends on <node>groupxx
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for parent in $(grep -l ${node%.dep}\$ *); do
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p=0 # No "after" dependency depends on this parent
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for start in $(grep ' a ' $node | cut -d' ' -f3); do
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seen=" " # global variable used in "path_to"
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if path_to ${start}.dep ${parent%.dep} 3; then p=1; break; fi
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done
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if test $p = 0; then
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b=1
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sed -i "s/\ ${node%.dep}\$/&groupxx/" $parent
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fi
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done
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echo "1 b ${node%.dep}" > ${node%.dep}groupxx.dep
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if test $b = 0; then echo "1 b ${node%.dep}groupxx" >> root.dep; fi
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fi
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{
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while read prio_of_dep build_of_dep id_of_dep; do
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if test $build_of_dep = a; then
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if ! grep -q ${id_of_dep} ${node%.dep}groupxx.dep; then
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echo "$prio_of_dep b ${id_of_dep}" >> ${node%.dep}groupxx.dep
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fi
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lines_to_remove="$lines_to_remove $id_of_dep"
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fi
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done
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} <$node
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for id_of_dep in $lines_to_remove; do
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sed "/\ $id_of_dep\$/d" -i $node
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done
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done
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for node in $(grep -l ' f ' *); do
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echo Process "first" deps in $node
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lines_to_change=
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{
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while read prio_of_dep build_of_dep id_of_dep; do
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if test $build_of_dep = f; then
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if ! test -f ${id_of_dep}-pass1.dep; then
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cp ${id_of_dep}{,-pass1}.dep;
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fi
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lines_to_change="$lines_to_change $id_of_dep"
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unset lr # lines to remove in -pass1
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{
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while read p b start; do
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seen=" " # global variable used in "path_to"
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if path_to ${start}.dep ${node%.dep} $p; then
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lr="$lr $start"
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fi
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done
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} < ${id_of_dep}-pass1.dep
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for p in $lr; do
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sed "/\ $p\$/d" -i ${id_of_dep}-pass1.dep
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done
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fi
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done
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} <$node
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for id_of_dep in $lines_to_change; do
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sed "/\ $id_of_dep\$/"'{s/[[:digit:]] f /1 b /;s/$/-pass1/}' -i $node
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if ! grep -q " $id_of_dep\$" *.dep; then
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echo 1 b $id_of_dep >>root.dep
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fi
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done
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done
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} # End clean_subgraph
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#----------------------------#
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generate_dependency_tree() { #
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#----------------------------#
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: <<inline_doc
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function: Create a subtree of the dependency tree
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(recursive function)
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input vars: $1 : file with a list of targets (child nodes)
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the first line of the file is the link
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$2 : priority (1=req, 2=rec, 3=opt)
|
|
returns: 0 if the tree has been successfully created
|
|
1 if we are backing up to the parent of a circular dep
|
|
and there are only required deps in the cycle
|
|
2 if we are backing up to the parent of a circular dep
|
|
and there are recommended deps and no optional deps in the
|
|
cycle
|
|
3 if we are backing up to the parent of a circular dep
|
|
and there are optiional deps in the cycle
|
|
modifies: vars: ParentNode is set when return is not 0
|
|
output: files: for each <pkg> with dependencies in $1,
|
|
a file <pkg>.tree and its dependencies
|
|
on error: nothing
|
|
on success: nothing
|
|
inline_doc
|
|
|
|
local depFile=$1
|
|
local priority=$2
|
|
local -a rootlink
|
|
local -a priolink
|
|
local -a otherlink
|
|
local -i depth
|
|
local -i count=0
|
|
local id_of_dep
|
|
local build_of_dep
|
|
local prio_of_dep
|
|
local parent
|
|
local lines_to_remove=
|
|
local srootlink
|
|
local priostring
|
|
local dpriostring
|
|
local i
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
read -a rootlink
|
|
depth=${#rootlink[*]}
|
|
read -a priolink
|
|
srootlink="${rootlink[*]} "
|
|
case $priority in
|
|
1) priostring=required ;;
|
|
2) priostring=recommended ;;
|
|
3) priostring=optional ;;
|
|
esac
|
|
# start of depFile
|
|
echo -en "\nNode: $depth${spaceSTR:0:$depth}${RED}${depFile%.tree}${OFF} $priostring"
|
|
|
|
while read prio_of_dep build_of_dep id_of_dep; do
|
|
case $prio_of_dep in
|
|
1) dpriostring=required ;;
|
|
2) dpriostring=recommended ;;
|
|
3) dpriostring=optional ;;
|
|
esac
|
|
# count entries in file
|
|
(( count++ ))
|
|
# Has this entry already been seen?
|
|
if [ -f ${id_of_dep}.tree ]; then # found ${id_of_dep}.tree already in tree
|
|
otherlink=($(head -n 1 ${id_of_dep}.tree))
|
|
if [ -z "${otherlink[*]}" ]
|
|
then echo otherlink empty for $id_of_dep.tree
|
|
echo This should not happen, but happens to happen...
|
|
exit 1
|
|
fi
|
|
#Do not use "${rootlink[*]}" =~ "${otherlink[*]}": case rootlink=(1 11)
|
|
# and otherlink=(1 1)
|
|
if [[ ${srootlink#"${otherlink[*]} "} != ${srootlink} ]]; then # cir. dep
|
|
echo -en "\nCirc: $((depth+1))${spaceSTR:0:$((depth+1))}${YELLOW}${id_of_dep}${OFF} $dpriostring"
|
|
# Find lowest priority in branch from parent to depFile:
|
|
p2=0
|
|
for (( i=${#otherlink[*]}; i < $depth ; i++ )) ; do
|
|
if (( ${priolink[i]} > $p2 )); then p2=${priolink[i]}; fi
|
|
done
|
|
if (( $prio_of_dep >= $p2 )); then # prune
|
|
lines_to_remove="$lines_to_remove $id_of_dep"
|
|
sed -i "/$id_of_dep/d" ${depFile/.tree/.dep}
|
|
else # find and set parent, then return lowest priority
|
|
# The parent has the same link without the last entry.
|
|
# We do not need otherlink anymore so just destroy the last element
|
|
unset otherlink[-1]
|
|
parentNode=$(grep ^"${otherlink[*]}"\$ -l *)
|
|
return $p2
|
|
fi
|
|
else # not circular: prune tree (but not .dep, since it may happen that
|
|
# the tree is destroyed and rebuilt in another order)
|
|
lines_to_remove="$lines_to_remove $id_of_dep"
|
|
fi # circular or not
|
|
continue # this dependency has already been seen, and the associated
|
|
# subtree computed. We are done
|
|
fi # Has this entry already been seen?
|
|
# So, this entry has not already been seen. Let's build the corresponding
|
|
# subtree. First check there is a subtree...
|
|
# Use -s, because it may happen that after removing lines, .dep exists
|
|
# but is empty.
|
|
if [[ -s ${id_of_dep}.dep ]]; then # this dependency has dependencies
|
|
sed "1i${rootlink[*]} $count\\
|
|
${priolink[*]} $prio_of_dep" < ${id_of_dep}.dep \
|
|
> ${id_of_dep}.tree # add link and priolink
|
|
generate_dependency_tree ${id_of_dep}.tree $prio_of_dep
|
|
# Test return value, in case we exchange dependencies
|
|
p2=$?
|
|
case $p2 in
|
|
0) # Normal return
|
|
;;
|
|
$prio_of_dep) # we remove this dep, but since it may become unreachable,
|
|
# move it to be built later (as a dep of parent).
|
|
tree_erase ${id_of_dep}.tree
|
|
lines_to_remove="$lines_to_remove $id_of_dep"
|
|
sed -i "/${id_of_dep}/d" ${depFile/.tree/.dep}
|
|
echo "$prio_of_dep b $id_of_dep" >> $parentNode
|
|
# must be added to .dep in case parentNode is destroyed when erasing
|
|
# the tree
|
|
echo "$prio_of_dep b $id_of_dep" >> ${parentNode/.tree/.dep}
|
|
continue
|
|
;;
|
|
*) # We are backing up
|
|
return $p2
|
|
;;
|
|
esac
|
|
else # id_of_dep has no dependencies, just record the link in a file
|
|
# and print
|
|
echo "${rootlink[*]} $count" > ${id_of_dep}.tree
|
|
echo -en "\nLeaf: $(($depth+1))${spaceSTR:0:$(($depth+1))}${CYAN}${id_of_dep}${OFF} $dpriostring"
|
|
fi
|
|
done
|
|
echo -en "\n End: $depth${spaceSTR:0:$depth}${GREEN}${depFile%.tree}${OFF}"
|
|
} <$depFile
|
|
# It may happen that a file is created with several times
|
|
# the same line. Normally, all those lines but one
|
|
# would be flagged to be removed (or all of them if
|
|
# the dependency appeared before). A simple sed /$line/d
|
|
# destroys all the lines. We should instead remove
|
|
# only one for each appearance of it in lines_to_remove.
|
|
# so first get the position of last line and then delete
|
|
# that line
|
|
for line in $lines_to_remove
|
|
do lineno=$(sed -n /^[[:digit:]]\ b\ $line\$/= $depFile | tail -n1)
|
|
sed -i ${lineno}d $depFile
|
|
done
|
|
return 0
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
#---------------#
|
|
tree_browse() { #
|
|
#---------------#
|
|
local file=$1
|
|
local f
|
|
|
|
#echo file=$file
|
|
for f in $(grep '[^0-9 ]' $file | sed 's/.* //'); do
|
|
# echo f=$f
|
|
if grep -q '[^0-9 ]' ${f}.tree ; then
|
|
tree_browse ${f}.tree
|
|
fi
|
|
echo $f
|
|
done
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
#--------------#
|
|
tree_erase() { #
|
|
#--------------#
|
|
local file=$1
|
|
local f
|
|
local rootlink
|
|
local rootlink2
|
|
|
|
#echo file=$file
|
|
rootlink="$(head -n1 $file) "
|
|
for f in $(grep '[^0-9 ]' $file | sed 's/.* //'); do
|
|
if [ -f ${f}.tree ]; then
|
|
rootlink2="$(head -n1 ${f}.tree) "
|
|
# We want two things:
|
|
# i) do not erase the file if it is in another branch
|
|
# ii) do not erase the file if there is a circular dependency
|
|
# for case i), we test that rootlink is contained in rootlink2
|
|
# for case ii), we test that rootlink2 is not contained in
|
|
# rootlink.
|
|
# See comment above about srootlink
|
|
if [[ ${rootlink2#${rootlink}} != ${rootlink2} &&
|
|
${rootlink#${rootlink2}} == ${rootlink} ]] ; then
|
|
tree_erase ${f}.tree
|
|
fi
|
|
fi
|
|
done
|
|
rm -f $file
|
|
}
|